{"id":509,"date":"2025-08-21T08:42:09","date_gmt":"2025-08-21T08:42:09","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/localhost\/englishlegalsystem\/?post_type=content&#038;p=509"},"modified":"2025-08-21T08:42:09","modified_gmt":"2025-08-21T08:42:09","slug":"chapter-10","status":"publish","type":"content","link":"https:\/\/staging.routledgelearning.com\/englishlegalsystem\/flashcards\/chapter-10\/","title":{"rendered":"Chapter 10"},"content":{"rendered":"\n<!-- Swiper -->\n<div class=\"swiper mySwiper\" id=\"swiper-block_8b62ca0cf30be617653c8cfbcbf1c76f\">\n    <div class=\"swiper-wrapper\">\n\n        \n        <!-- Swiper Slide -->\n        <div class=\"swiper-slide\">\n          <!-- Flashcard -->\n           <button class=\"flip-card\" role=\"button\" tabindex=\"0\" data-front=\"The Crime Survey for England and Wales (CSEW)\" data-back=\"A face-to-face victimisation survey in which people resident in households in England and Wales are asked about their experiences of a selected number of offences in the 12 months prior to the interview.\">\n            <div class=\"flip-card-inner\">\n              <div class=\"flip-card-front\">\n                <p><p>The Crime Survey for England and Wales (CSEW) <\/p>\n<\/p>\n                <div id=\"flashcard-instruction-block_8b62ca0cf30be617653c8cfbcbf1c76f\" class=\"flashcard-instruction\">Click to Flip<\/div>\n              <\/div>\n              <div class=\"flip-card-back\"><p>A face-to-face victimisation survey in which people resident in households in England and Wales are asked about their experiences of a selected number of offences in the 12 months prior to the interview.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n            <\/div>\n          <\/button>\n        <\/div>\n\n        \n        <!-- Swiper Slide -->\n        <div class=\"swiper-slide\">\n          <!-- Flashcard -->\n           <button class=\"flip-card\" role=\"button\" tabindex=\"0\" data-front=\"Stop and Search\" data-back=\"Police powers to stop, question and search members of the public at any time.\">\n            <div class=\"flip-card-inner\">\n              <div class=\"flip-card-front\">\n                <p><p>Stop and Search<\/p>\n<\/p>\n                <div id=\"flashcard-instruction-block_8b62ca0cf30be617653c8cfbcbf1c76f\" class=\"flashcard-instruction\">Click to Flip<\/div>\n              <\/div>\n              <div class=\"flip-card-back\"><p>Police powers to stop, question and search members of the public at any time.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n            <\/div>\n          <\/button>\n        <\/div>\n\n        \n        <!-- Swiper Slide -->\n        <div class=\"swiper-slide\">\n          <!-- Flashcard -->\n           <button class=\"flip-card\" role=\"button\" tabindex=\"0\" data-front=\"Serious Violence Reduction Orders (SVRO)\" data-back=\"A civil order, giving the police the power to search a person under the SVRO in any public space, to determine if they have a bladed article or offensive weapon with them.\">\n            <div class=\"flip-card-inner\">\n              <div class=\"flip-card-front\">\n                <p><p>Serious Violence Reduction Orders (SVRO) <\/p>\n<\/p>\n                <div id=\"flashcard-instruction-block_8b62ca0cf30be617653c8cfbcbf1c76f\" class=\"flashcard-instruction\">Click to Flip<\/div>\n              <\/div>\n              <div class=\"flip-card-back\"><p>A civil order, giving the police the power to search a person under the SVRO in any public space, to determine if they have a bladed article or offensive weapon with them.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n            <\/div>\n          <\/button>\n        <\/div>\n\n        \n        <!-- Swiper Slide -->\n        <div class=\"swiper-slide\">\n          <!-- Flashcard -->\n           <button class=\"flip-card\" role=\"button\" tabindex=\"0\" data-front=\"Justification\" data-back=\"Justification is the founding principle of the law relating to arrest. If challenged, the person who has attempted to make an arrest must justify his their actions and show that the arrest and subsequent detention was lawful.\">\n            <div class=\"flip-card-inner\">\n              <div class=\"flip-card-front\">\n                <p><p>Justification<\/p>\n<\/p>\n                <div id=\"flashcard-instruction-block_8b62ca0cf30be617653c8cfbcbf1c76f\" class=\"flashcard-instruction\">Click to Flip<\/div>\n              <\/div>\n              <div class=\"flip-card-back\"><p>Justification is the founding principle of the law relating to arrest. If challenged, the person who has attempted to make an arrest must justify his their actions and show that the arrest and subsequent detention was lawful. <\/p>\n<\/div>\n            <\/div>\n          <\/button>\n        <\/div>\n\n        \n        <!-- Swiper Slide -->\n        <div class=\"swiper-slide\">\n          <!-- Flashcard -->\n           <button class=\"flip-card\" role=\"button\" tabindex=\"0\" data-front=\"habeas corpus\" data-back=\"An ancient common-law writ, it is addressed to the detainer and asks them to bring the detainee in question before the court at a specified date and time.\">\n            <div class=\"flip-card-inner\">\n              <div class=\"flip-card-front\">\n                <p><p>habeas corpus<\/p>\n<\/p>\n                <div id=\"flashcard-instruction-block_8b62ca0cf30be617653c8cfbcbf1c76f\" class=\"flashcard-instruction\">Click to Flip<\/div>\n              <\/div>\n              <div class=\"flip-card-back\"><p>An ancient common-law writ, it is addressed to the detainer and asks them to bring the detainee in question before the court at a specified date and time. <\/p>\n<\/div>\n            <\/div>\n          <\/button>\n        <\/div>\n\n        \n        <!-- Swiper Slide -->\n        <div class=\"swiper-slide\">\n          <!-- Flashcard -->\n           <button class=\"flip-card\" role=\"button\" tabindex=\"0\" data-front=\"Kettling\" data-back=\"Where the police form a cordon around a group of protesters\">\n            <div class=\"flip-card-inner\">\n              <div class=\"flip-card-front\">\n                <p><p>Kettling<\/p>\n<\/p>\n                <div id=\"flashcard-instruction-block_8b62ca0cf30be617653c8cfbcbf1c76f\" class=\"flashcard-instruction\">Click to Flip<\/div>\n              <\/div>\n              <div class=\"flip-card-back\"><p>Where the police form a cordon around a group of protesters<\/p>\n<\/div>\n            <\/div>\n          <\/button>\n        <\/div>\n\n        \n        <!-- Swiper Slide -->\n        <div class=\"swiper-slide\">\n          <!-- Flashcard -->\n           <button class=\"flip-card\" role=\"button\" tabindex=\"0\" data-front=\"Lawful arrests\" data-back=\"are those: (a) under warrant; (b) without warrant at common law; or (c) without warrant under legislation.\">\n            <div class=\"flip-card-inner\">\n              <div class=\"flip-card-front\">\n                <p><p>Lawful arrests <\/p>\n<\/p>\n                <div id=\"flashcard-instruction-block_8b62ca0cf30be617653c8cfbcbf1c76f\" class=\"flashcard-instruction\">Click to Flip<\/div>\n              <\/div>\n              <div class=\"flip-card-back\"><p>are those: (a) under warrant; (b) without warrant at common law; or (c) without warrant under legislation.  <\/p>\n<\/div>\n            <\/div>\n          <\/button>\n        <\/div>\n\n        \n        <!-- Swiper Slide -->\n        <div class=\"swiper-slide\">\n          <!-- Flashcard -->\n           <button class=\"flip-card\" role=\"button\" tabindex=\"0\" data-front=\"Duties to Answer\" data-back=\"The circumstances where a citizen has a duty to answer police questions\">\n            <div class=\"flip-card-inner\">\n              <div class=\"flip-card-front\">\n                <p><p>Duties to Answer <\/p>\n<\/p>\n                <div id=\"flashcard-instruction-block_8b62ca0cf30be617653c8cfbcbf1c76f\" class=\"flashcard-instruction\">Click to Flip<\/div>\n              <\/div>\n              <div class=\"flip-card-back\"><p>The circumstances where a citizen has a duty to answer police questions<\/p>\n<\/div>\n            <\/div>\n          <\/button>\n        <\/div>\n\n        \n        <!-- Swiper Slide -->\n        <div class=\"swiper-slide\">\n          <!-- Flashcard -->\n           <button class=\"flip-card\" role=\"button\" tabindex=\"0\" data-front=\"The Right to Silence in Courts\" data-back=\"With a few exceptions, any person may refuse to answer questions put to him or her out of court.\">\n            <div class=\"flip-card-inner\">\n              <div class=\"flip-card-front\">\n                <p><p>The Right to Silence in Courts<\/p>\n<\/p>\n                <div id=\"flashcard-instruction-block_8b62ca0cf30be617653c8cfbcbf1c76f\" class=\"flashcard-instruction\">Click to Flip<\/div>\n              <\/div>\n              <div class=\"flip-card-back\"><p>With a few exceptions, any person may refuse to answer questions put to him or her out of court. <\/p>\n<\/div>\n            <\/div>\n          <\/button>\n        <\/div>\n\n        \n        <div id=\"flashcard-instruction-block_8b62ca0cf30be617653c8cfbcbf1c76f\" class=\"sr-only\">Press Enter or Space to flip the card<\/div>\n        <div id=\"flip-announcement-block_8b62ca0cf30be617653c8cfbcbf1c76f\" class=\"sr-only\" role=\"status\" aria-live=\"polite\"><\/div>\n\n    <\/div>\n\n    <div class=\"swiper-nav\">\n      \n      <a class=\"swiper-button-prev swiper-button-prev-block_8b62ca0cf30be617653c8cfbcbf1c76f\"><svg 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