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Chapter 12 – Verbs 4: The subjunctive

This chapter begins by explaining the distinction between the subjunctive and the indicative and enlarges on the concept of the subjunctive in the key points box. Contrastive examples of subjunctive versus indicative follow. The formation of the five tenses of the subjunctive is then shown, in separate sections. A lengthy section is dedicated to the uses of the subjunctive in certain constructions, e.g. after verbs of wishing, necessity, doubt and surprise. The use of the subjunctive after certain conjunctions (sans que, avant que etc.), after impersonal expressions, superlatives and indefinite antecedents and its function as an imperative after que are covered in the final sections. The last part of the chapter contains a passage full of examples of the subjunctive, which are then analysed. At the end of the chapter there are five exercises for grammar practice.

Exercise 1

Exercise 2

Exercise 3

Exercise 4

Exercise 5

Exercise 6

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