{"id":619,"date":"2025-02-21T10:46:21","date_gmt":"2025-02-21T10:46:21","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/localhost\/internationalhistory20c\/?post_type=content&#038;p=619"},"modified":"2025-02-21T10:46:21","modified_gmt":"2025-02-21T10:46:21","slug":"chapter-21-the-rise-of-human-rights-in-international-politics","status":"publish","type":"content","link":"https:\/\/staging.routledgelearning.com\/internationalhistory20c\/students\/chapter-21-the-rise-of-human-rights-in-international-politics\/","title":{"rendered":"Chapter 21: The Rise of Human Rights in International Politics"},"content":{"rendered":"\n<div class=\"wp-block-group has-background is-layout-flow wp-block-group-is-layout-flow\" style=\"background-color:#dae9e0;padding-top:var(--wp--preset--spacing--60);padding-bottom:var(--wp--preset--spacing--60)\">\n<div class=\"wp-block-group has-global-padding is-layout-constrained wp-block-group-is-layout-constrained\">\n<div class=\"wp-block-group alignwide has-global-padding is-content-justification-left is-layout-constrained wp-container-core-group-is-layout-12dd3699 wp-block-group-is-layout-constrained\"><div class=\"aioseo-breadcrumbs\"><span class=\"aioseo-breadcrumb\">\n\t<a href=\"https:\/\/staging.routledgelearning.com\/internationalhistory20c\" title=\"Home\">Home<\/a>\n<\/span><span class=\"aioseo-breadcrumb-separator\">\u203a<\/span><span class=\"aioseo-breadcrumb\">\n\t<a href=\"https:\/\/staging.routledgelearning.com\/internationalhistory20c\/students\/\" title=\"Students\">Students<\/a>\n<\/span><span class=\"aioseo-breadcrumb-separator\">\u203a<\/span><span class=\"aioseo-breadcrumb\">\n\t<a href=\"https:\/\/staging.routledgelearning.com\/internationalhistory20c\/students\/chapter-21-the-rise-of-human-rights-in-international-politics\/\" title=\"Chapter 21: The Rise of Human Rights in International Politics\">Chapter 21: The Rise of Human Rights in International Politics<\/a>\n<\/span><\/div><\/div>\n\n\n<h1 class=\"alignwide wp-block-post-title has-large-font-size\">Chapter 21: The Rise of Human Rights in International Politics<\/h1>\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-group alignwide is-layout-flow wp-block-group-is-layout-flow\">\n<p>The last decades of the twentieth century appeared to mark the entry of a new issue into the international relations agenda \u2013 human rights. However, to a degree, concerns about rights and humanitarian intervention had played a role going back to the eighteenth century. Moreover, controversies about minority rights had marred inter-war Europe and been exploited by Nazi Germany. The Universal Declaration of Human Rights proclaimed by the United Nations in 1948 promised the creation of a new observance of rights, but the Cold War soon cancelled this out. Instead, it was left to the newly independent states and to non-governmental organizations in the West to advance and normalize the human rights agenda. The result was that from the late 1960s onwards, the Vietnam War, the Soviet Union\u2019s intolerance of free speech and the behaviour of autocratic regimes in the Third World brought attention to the need to move human rights to the centre of international politics. This, though, was not without its problems. Some states denounce human rights as a Western invention designed to legitimate intervention, while there also remains the fundamental issue of the continuing battle between national sovereignty and the principle of human rights.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-group is-layout-flow wp-block-group-is-layout-flow\">\n<div class=\"wp-block-group has-global-padding is-layout-constrained wp-block-group-is-layout-constrained\">\n<div class=\"wp-block-columns alignwide is-layout-flex wp-container-core-columns-is-layout-28f84493 wp-block-columns-is-layout-flex\">\n<div class=\"wp-block-column is-layout-flow wp-block-column-is-layout-flow\" style=\"flex-basis:70%\">\n<div class=\"wp-block-group is-layout-flow wp-container-core-group-is-layout-23d1e0e5 wp-block-group-is-layout-flow\" style=\"margin-bottom:var(--wp--preset--spacing--70)\">\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading has-montserrat-font-family has-medium-font-size\" id=\"aioseo-multiple-choice-questions\">Multiple Choice Questions<\/h3>\n\n\n<script>\n                            if (window.qmn_quiz_data === undefined) {\n                                    window.qmn_quiz_data = new Object();\n                            }\n                    <\/script><script>window.qmn_quiz_data[\"22\"] = {\"quiz_id\":\"22\",\"quiz_name\":\"Chapter 21\",\"disable_answer\":0,\"ajax_show_correct\":0,\"progress_bar\":0,\"contact_info_location\":\"0\",\"qpages\":{\"2\":{\"id\":\"2\",\"quizID\":\"22\",\"pagekey\":\"qotFF4IA\",\"hide_prevbtn\":\"0\"}},\"skip_validation_time_expire\":0,\"timer_limit_val\":\"0\",\"disable_scroll_next_previous_click\":0,\"disable_scroll_on_result\":0,\"disable_first_page\":\"0\",\"enable_result_after_timer_end\":0,\"enable_quick_result_mc\":0,\"end_quiz_if_wrong\":\"0\",\"form_disable_autofill\":0,\"disable_mathjax\":0,\"enable_quick_correct_answer_info\":\"0\",\"quick_result_correct_answer_text\":\"Correct! 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C\",0,0]]},\"211\":{\"question_id\":\"211\",\"quiz_id\":\"22\",\"question_name\":\"\",\"answer_array\":\"a:4:{i:0;a:3:{i:0;s:17:\\\"Freedom of speech\\\";i:1;d:0;i:2;i:0;}i:1;a:3:{i:0;s:16:\\\"Education rights\\\";i:1;d:0;i:2;i:0;}i:2;a:3:{i:0;s:17:\\\"Employment rights\\\";i:1;d:0;i:2;i:0;}i:3;a:3:{i:0;s:16:\\\"All of the above\\\";i:1;d:0;i:2;i:1;}}\",\"answer_one\":\"\",\"answer_one_points\":\"0\",\"answer_two\":\"\",\"answer_two_points\":\"0\",\"answer_three\":\"\",\"answer_three_points\":\"0\",\"answer_four\":\"\",\"answer_four_points\":\"0\",\"answer_five\":\"\",\"answer_five_points\":\"0\",\"answer_six\":\"\",\"answer_six_points\":\"0\",\"correct_answer\":\"0\",\"question_answer_info\":\"\",\"comments\":\"1\",\"hints\":\"\",\"question_order\":\"1\",\"question_type\":\"0\",\"question_type_new\":\"0\",\"question_settings\":\"a:16:{s:8:\\\"required\\\";i:1;s:12:\\\"answerEditor\\\";s:4:\\\"text\\\";s:14:\\\"question_title\\\";s:65:\\\"What rights did the Universal Declaration of Human Rights assert?\\\";s:14:\\\"featureImageID\\\";s:0:\\\"\\\";s:15:\\\"featureImageSrc\\\";s:0:\\\"\\\";s:11:\\\"matchAnswer\\\";s:6:\\\"random\\\";s:16:\\\"placeholder_text\\\";s:0:\\\"\\\";s:14:\\\"case_sensitive\\\";s:0:\\\"\\\";s:16:\\\"image_size-width\\\";s:0:\\\"\\\";s:17:\\\"image_size-height\\\";s:0:\\\"\\\";s:8:\\\"autofill\\\";s:0:\\\"\\\";s:10:\\\"limit_text\\\";s:1:\\\"0\\\";s:23:\\\"limit_multiple_response\\\";s:1:\\\"0\\\";s:17:\\\"file_upload_limit\\\";s:1:\\\"4\\\";s:16:\\\"file_upload_type\\\";s:21:\\\"image,application\\\/pdf\\\";s:15:\\\"min_text_length\\\";s:0:\\\"\\\";}\",\"category\":\"\",\"linked_question\":\"\",\"deleted\":\"0\",\"deleted_question_bank\":\"0\",\"answers\":[[\"Freedom of speech\",0,0],[\"Education rights\",0,0],[\"Employment rights\",0,0],[\"All of the above\",0,1]]},\"212\":{\"question_id\":\"212\",\"quiz_id\":\"22\",\"question_name\":\"\",\"answer_array\":\"a:4:{i:0;a:3:{i:0;s:12:\\\"Rise of NGOs\\\";i:1;d:0;i:2;i:0;}i:1;a:3:{i:0;s:24:\\\"Increased media coverage\\\";i:1;d:0;i:2;i:0;}i:2;a:3:{i:0;s:32:\\\"Newly independent state interest\\\";i:1;d:0;i:2;i:0;}i:3;a:3:{i:0;s:16:\\\"All of the above\\\";i:1;d:0;i:2;i:1;}}\",\"answer_one\":\"\",\"answer_one_points\":\"0\",\"answer_two\":\"\",\"answer_two_points\":\"0\",\"answer_three\":\"\",\"answer_three_points\":\"0\",\"answer_four\":\"\",\"answer_four_points\":\"0\",\"answer_five\":\"\",\"answer_five_points\":\"0\",\"answer_six\":\"\",\"answer_six_points\":\"0\",\"correct_answer\":\"0\",\"question_answer_info\":\"\",\"comments\":\"1\",\"hints\":\"\",\"question_order\":\"1\",\"question_type\":\"0\",\"question_type_new\":\"0\",\"question_settings\":\"a:16:{s:8:\\\"required\\\";i:1;s:12:\\\"answerEditor\\\";s:4:\\\"text\\\";s:14:\\\"question_title\\\";s:96:\\\"Why did human rights occupy a more central place on the international stage during the Cold War?\\\";s:14:\\\"featureImageID\\\";s:0:\\\"\\\";s:15:\\\"featureImageSrc\\\";s:0:\\\"\\\";s:11:\\\"matchAnswer\\\";s:6:\\\"random\\\";s:16:\\\"placeholder_text\\\";s:0:\\\"\\\";s:14:\\\"case_sensitive\\\";s:0:\\\"\\\";s:16:\\\"image_size-width\\\";s:0:\\\"\\\";s:17:\\\"image_size-height\\\";s:0:\\\"\\\";s:8:\\\"autofill\\\";s:0:\\\"\\\";s:10:\\\"limit_text\\\";s:1:\\\"0\\\";s:23:\\\"limit_multiple_response\\\";s:1:\\\"0\\\";s:17:\\\"file_upload_limit\\\";s:1:\\\"4\\\";s:16:\\\"file_upload_type\\\";s:21:\\\"image,application\\\/pdf\\\";s:15:\\\"min_text_length\\\";s:0:\\\"\\\";}\",\"category\":\"\",\"linked_question\":\"\",\"deleted\":\"0\",\"deleted_question_bank\":\"0\",\"answers\":[[\"Rise of NGOs\",0,0],[\"Increased media coverage\",0,0],[\"Newly independent state interest\",0,0],[\"All of the above\",0,1]]},\"213\":{\"question_id\":\"213\",\"quiz_id\":\"22\",\"question_name\":\"\",\"answer_array\":\"a:4:{i:0;a:3:{i:0;s:66:\\\"the Helsinki Declaration of 1975 had little effect on human rights\\\";i:1;d:0;i:2;i:0;}i:1;a:3:{i:0;s:69:\\\"Richard Nixon sought to focus on realpolitik over rights and ideology\\\";i:1;d:0;i:2;i:1;}i:2;a:3:{i:0;s:69:\\\"The Carter Administration consistently upheld human rights as a value\\\";i:1;d:0;i:2;i:0;}i:3;a:3:{i:0;s:73:\\\"Reagan renewed American commitment to human rights after the Carter years\\\";i:1;d:0;i:2;i:0;}}\",\"answer_one\":\"\",\"answer_one_points\":\"0\",\"answer_two\":\"\",\"answer_two_points\":\"0\",\"answer_three\":\"\",\"answer_three_points\":\"0\",\"answer_four\":\"\",\"answer_four_points\":\"0\",\"answer_five\":\"\",\"answer_five_points\":\"0\",\"answer_six\":\"\",\"answer_six_points\":\"0\",\"correct_answer\":\"0\",\"question_answer_info\":\"\",\"comments\":\"1\",\"hints\":\"\",\"question_order\":\"1\",\"question_type\":\"0\",\"question_type_new\":\"0\",\"question_settings\":\"a:16:{s:8:\\\"required\\\";i:1;s:12:\\\"answerEditor\\\";s:4:\\\"text\\\";s:14:\\\"question_title\\\";s:68:\\\"Which statement about human rights during the Cold War is most true?\\\";s:14:\\\"featureImageID\\\";s:0:\\\"\\\";s:15:\\\"featureImageSrc\\\";s:0:\\\"\\\";s:11:\\\"matchAnswer\\\";s:6:\\\"random\\\";s:16:\\\"placeholder_text\\\";s:0:\\\"\\\";s:14:\\\"case_sensitive\\\";s:0:\\\"\\\";s:16:\\\"image_size-width\\\";s:0:\\\"\\\";s:17:\\\"image_size-height\\\";s:0:\\\"\\\";s:8:\\\"autofill\\\";s:0:\\\"\\\";s:10:\\\"limit_text\\\";s:1:\\\"0\\\";s:23:\\\"limit_multiple_response\\\";s:1:\\\"0\\\";s:17:\\\"file_upload_limit\\\";s:1:\\\"4\\\";s:16:\\\"file_upload_type\\\";s:21:\\\"image,application\\\/pdf\\\";s:15:\\\"min_text_length\\\";s:0:\\\"\\\";}\",\"category\":\"\",\"linked_question\":\"\",\"deleted\":\"0\",\"deleted_question_bank\":\"0\",\"answers\":[[\"the Helsinki Declaration of 1975 had little effect on human rights\",0,0],[\"Richard Nixon sought to focus on realpolitik over rights and ideology\",0,1],[\"The Carter Administration consistently upheld human rights as a value\",0,0],[\"Reagan renewed American commitment to human rights after the Carter years\",0,0]]}},\"first_page\":false,\"questions_settings\":[]}\n                    <\/script><style type='text\/css' id='qmn_quiz_template-css'>.qsm-quiz-container {\r\n    background: #f7f5f5;\r\n    padding-left: 25px;\r\n    padding-right: 10px;\r\n    border: 1px solid #cdcdcd;\r\n    margin-left: 20px;\r\n    margin-right: 20px;\r\n    margin-bottom: 20px;\r\n    margin-top: 20px;\r\n    border-radius: 20px;\r\n}\r\n\r\nspan.mlw_qmn_question_number {\r\n    font-size: .8em;\r\n}\r\n\r\n.mlw_qmn_message_before {\r\n    font-weight: bold;\r\n    text-align: center;\r\n    font-size: 1.5em;\r\n    color: #000;\r\n}<\/style>\t\t<div class='qsm-quiz-container qsm-quiz-container-22 qmn_quiz_container mlw_qmn_quiz qsm_auto_pagination_enabled quiz_theme_default  '>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<form name=\"quizForm22\" id=\"quizForm22\" action=\"\/internationalhistory20c\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/content\/619\" method=\"POST\" class=\"qsm-quiz-form qmn_quiz_form mlw_quiz_form\" novalidate enctype=\"multipart\/form-data\">\n\t\t\t\t<input type=\"hidden\" name=\"qsm_hidden_questions\" id=\"qsm_hidden_questions\" value=\"\">\n\t\t\t\t<input type=\"hidden\" name=\"qsm_nonce\" id=\"qsm_nonce_22\" value=\"6308e9f7fd\">\n\t\t\t\t<input type=\"hidden\" name=\"qsm_unique_key\" id=\"qsm_unique_key_22\" value=\"69fc9f6bafc8b\">\n\t\t\t\t<div id=\"mlw_error_message\" class=\"qsm-error-message qmn_error_message_section\"><\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<span id=\"mlw_top_of_quiz\"><\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"qsm-auto-page-row qsm-question-page qsm-apc-1\" data-apid=\"1\" data-qpid=\"1\" style=\"display: none;\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"quiz_section qsm-question-wrapper question-type-0  question-section-id-204 slide0 \">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class='mlw_qmn_question_number'>1.&nbsp;<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class='mlw_qmn_new_question'>Which concept holds a right to invade a foreign country to safeguard rights <\/div>\n\t\t\t<div class='mlw_qmn_question  qsm_remove_bold' >\n\t\t<p><\/p>\n\t<\/div>\n\t\t<fieldset>\n\t\t<legend><\/legend>\n\t<div class='qmn_radio_answers '>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"qmn_mc_answer_wrap  mrq_checkbox_class\" id=\"question204-1 \">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<input type='radio' class='qmn_quiz_radio qmn-multiple-choice-input ' name=\"question204\" id=\"question204_1\" value=\"0\" \/>\n\t\t\t\t\t<label class=\"qsm-input-label\" for=\"question204_1\">\n\t\t\t\t\tEthnic Cleansing\t\t\t\t\t<\/label>\n\t\t\t\t\t \t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"qmn_mc_answer_wrap  mrq_checkbox_class\" id=\"question204-2 \">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<input type='radio' class='qmn_quiz_radio qmn-multiple-choice-input ' name=\"question204\" id=\"question204_2\" value=\"1\" \/>\n\t\t\t\t\t<label class=\"qsm-input-label\" for=\"question204_2\">\n\t\t\t\t\tHumanitarian intervention\t\t\t\t\t<\/label>\n\t\t\t\t\t \t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"qmn_mc_answer_wrap  mrq_checkbox_class\" id=\"question204-3 \">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<input type='radio' class='qmn_quiz_radio qmn-multiple-choice-input ' name=\"question204\" id=\"question204_3\" value=\"2\" \/>\n\t\t\t\t\t<label class=\"qsm-input-label\" for=\"question204_3\">\n\t\t\t\t\tCollective Security\t\t\t\t\t<\/label>\n\t\t\t\t\t \t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"qmn_mc_answer_wrap  mrq_checkbox_class\" id=\"question204-4 \">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<input type='radio' class='qmn_quiz_radio qmn-multiple-choice-input ' name=\"question204\" id=\"question204_4\" value=\"3\" \/>\n\t\t\t\t\t<label class=\"qsm-input-label\" for=\"question204_4\">\n\t\t\t\t\tGlobalization\t\t\t\t\t<\/label>\n\t\t\t\t\t \t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t \t\t\t<label style=\"display: none !important;\" for=\"question204_none\">None<\/label>\n\t\t\t<input type=\"radio\" style=\"display: none;\" name=\"question204\" id=\"question204_none\" checked=\"checked\" value=\"\" \/>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t<\/fieldset>\n\t<input type=\"hidden\" name=\"answer_limit_keys_204\" value=\"\" \/>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div><!-- .quiz_section -->\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div><!-- .qsm-auto-page-row -->\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"qsm-auto-page-row qsm-question-page qsm-apc-2\" data-apid=\"2\" data-qpid=\"2\" style=\"display: none;\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"quiz_section qsm-question-wrapper question-type-0  question-section-id-205 slide1 \">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class='mlw_qmn_question_number'>2.&nbsp;<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class='mlw_qmn_new_question'>What early contributions were made to human rights theory by Enlightenment thinkers? <\/div>\n\t\t\t<div class='mlw_qmn_question  qsm_remove_bold' >\n\t\t<p><\/p>\n\t<\/div>\n\t\t<fieldset>\n\t\t<legend><\/legend>\n\t<div class='qmn_radio_answers '>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"qmn_mc_answer_wrap  mrq_checkbox_class\" id=\"question205-1 \">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<input type='radio' class='qmn_quiz_radio qmn-multiple-choice-input ' name=\"question205\" id=\"question205_1\" value=\"0\" \/>\n\t\t\t\t\t<label class=\"qsm-input-label\" for=\"question205_1\">\n\t\t\t\t\tEquality of humanity\t\t\t\t\t<\/label>\n\t\t\t\t\t \t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"qmn_mc_answer_wrap  mrq_checkbox_class\" id=\"question205-2 \">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<input type='radio' class='qmn_quiz_radio qmn-multiple-choice-input ' name=\"question205\" id=\"question205_2\" value=\"1\" \/>\n\t\t\t\t\t<label class=\"qsm-input-label\" for=\"question205_2\">\n\t\t\t\t\tRight to live free from arbitrary arrest\t\t\t\t\t<\/label>\n\t\t\t\t\t \t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"qmn_mc_answer_wrap  mrq_checkbox_class\" id=\"question205-3 \">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<input type='radio' class='qmn_quiz_radio qmn-multiple-choice-input ' name=\"question205\" id=\"question205_3\" value=\"2\" \/>\n\t\t\t\t\t<label class=\"qsm-input-label\" for=\"question205_3\">\n\t\t\t\t\tPunishment of those who contravened human rights\t\t\t\t\t<\/label>\n\t\t\t\t\t \t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"qmn_mc_answer_wrap  mrq_checkbox_class\" id=\"question205-4 \">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<input type='radio' class='qmn_quiz_radio qmn-multiple-choice-input ' name=\"question205\" id=\"question205_4\" value=\"3\" \/>\n\t\t\t\t\t<label class=\"qsm-input-label\" for=\"question205_4\">\n\t\t\t\t\tAll of the above\t\t\t\t\t<\/label>\n\t\t\t\t\t \t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t \t\t\t<label style=\"display: none !important;\" for=\"question205_none\">None<\/label>\n\t\t\t<input type=\"radio\" style=\"display: none;\" name=\"question205\" id=\"question205_none\" checked=\"checked\" value=\"\" \/>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t<\/fieldset>\n\t<input type=\"hidden\" name=\"answer_limit_keys_205\" value=\"\" \/>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div><!-- .quiz_section -->\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div><!-- .qsm-auto-page-row -->\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"qsm-auto-page-row qsm-question-page qsm-apc-3\" data-apid=\"3\" data-qpid=\"3\" style=\"display: none;\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"quiz_section qsm-question-wrapper question-type-0  question-section-id-206 slide2 \">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class='mlw_qmn_question_number'>3.&nbsp;<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class='mlw_qmn_new_question'>Which statement about the Congress of Vienna is most true? <\/div>\n\t\t\t<div class='mlw_qmn_question  qsm_remove_bold' >\n\t\t<p><\/p>\n\t<\/div>\n\t\t<fieldset>\n\t\t<legend><\/legend>\n\t<div class='qmn_radio_answers '>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"qmn_mc_answer_wrap  mrq_checkbox_class\" id=\"question206-1 \">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<input type='radio' class='qmn_quiz_radio qmn-multiple-choice-input ' name=\"question206\" id=\"question206_1\" value=\"0\" \/>\n\t\t\t\t\t<label class=\"qsm-input-label\" for=\"question206_1\">\n\t\t\t\t\tThe resulting treaty banned slavery\t\t\t\t\t<\/label>\n\t\t\t\t\t \t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"qmn_mc_answer_wrap  mrq_checkbox_class\" id=\"question206-2 \">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<input type='radio' class='qmn_quiz_radio qmn-multiple-choice-input ' name=\"question206\" id=\"question206_2\" value=\"1\" \/>\n\t\t\t\t\t<label class=\"qsm-input-label\" for=\"question206_2\">\n\t\t\t\t\tThe parties to the treaty banned the slave trade\t\t\t\t\t<\/label>\n\t\t\t\t\t \t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"qmn_mc_answer_wrap  mrq_checkbox_class\" id=\"question206-3 \">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<input type='radio' class='qmn_quiz_radio qmn-multiple-choice-input ' name=\"question206\" id=\"question206_3\" value=\"2\" \/>\n\t\t\t\t\t<label class=\"qsm-input-label\" for=\"question206_3\">\n\t\t\t\t\tBritain used the treaty to justify naval actions against slave traders\t\t\t\t\t<\/label>\n\t\t\t\t\t \t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"qmn_mc_answer_wrap  mrq_checkbox_class\" id=\"question206-4 \">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<input type='radio' class='qmn_quiz_radio qmn-multiple-choice-input ' name=\"question206\" id=\"question206_4\" value=\"3\" \/>\n\t\t\t\t\t<label class=\"qsm-input-label\" for=\"question206_4\">\n\t\t\t\t\tAll of the above\t\t\t\t\t<\/label>\n\t\t\t\t\t \t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t \t\t\t<label style=\"display: none !important;\" for=\"question206_none\">None<\/label>\n\t\t\t<input type=\"radio\" style=\"display: none;\" name=\"question206\" id=\"question206_none\" checked=\"checked\" value=\"\" \/>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t<\/fieldset>\n\t<input type=\"hidden\" name=\"answer_limit_keys_206\" value=\"\" \/>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div><!-- .quiz_section -->\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div><!-- .qsm-auto-page-row -->\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"qsm-auto-page-row qsm-question-page qsm-apc-4\" data-apid=\"4\" data-qpid=\"4\" style=\"display: none;\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"quiz_section qsm-question-wrapper question-type-0  question-section-id-207 slide3 \">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class='mlw_qmn_question_number'>4.&nbsp;<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class='mlw_qmn_new_question'>What other advances in human rights were made before 1914? <\/div>\n\t\t\t<div class='mlw_qmn_question  qsm_remove_bold' >\n\t\t<p><\/p>\n\t<\/div>\n\t\t<fieldset>\n\t\t<legend><\/legend>\n\t<div class='qmn_radio_answers '>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"qmn_mc_answer_wrap  mrq_checkbox_class\" id=\"question207-1 \">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<input type='radio' class='qmn_quiz_radio qmn-multiple-choice-input ' name=\"question207\" id=\"question207_1\" value=\"0\" \/>\n\t\t\t\t\t<label class=\"qsm-input-label\" for=\"question207_1\">\n\t\t\t\t\tRise of humanitarian intervention against the Ottoman Empire\t\t\t\t\t<\/label>\n\t\t\t\t\t \t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"qmn_mc_answer_wrap  mrq_checkbox_class\" id=\"question207-2 \">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<input type='radio' class='qmn_quiz_radio qmn-multiple-choice-input ' name=\"question207\" id=\"question207_2\" value=\"1\" \/>\n\t\t\t\t\t<label class=\"qsm-input-label\" for=\"question207_2\">\n\t\t\t\t\tBritain was held accountable for abuses in its Congo Free State\t\t\t\t\t<\/label>\n\t\t\t\t\t \t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"qmn_mc_answer_wrap  mrq_checkbox_class\" id=\"question207-3 \">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<input type='radio' class='qmn_quiz_radio qmn-multiple-choice-input ' name=\"question207\" id=\"question207_3\" value=\"2\" \/>\n\t\t\t\t\t<label class=\"qsm-input-label\" for=\"question207_3\">\n\t\t\t\t\tHague Conferences banned shrapnel shells\t\t\t\t\t<\/label>\n\t\t\t\t\t \t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"qmn_mc_answer_wrap  mrq_checkbox_class\" id=\"question207-4 \">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<input type='radio' class='qmn_quiz_radio qmn-multiple-choice-input ' name=\"question207\" id=\"question207_4\" value=\"3\" \/>\n\t\t\t\t\t<label class=\"qsm-input-label\" for=\"question207_4\">\n\t\t\t\t\tGeneva Convention provided protection for POWs\t\t\t\t\t<\/label>\n\t\t\t\t\t \t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t \t\t\t<label style=\"display: none !important;\" for=\"question207_none\">None<\/label>\n\t\t\t<input type=\"radio\" style=\"display: none;\" name=\"question207\" id=\"question207_none\" checked=\"checked\" value=\"\" \/>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t<\/fieldset>\n\t<input type=\"hidden\" name=\"answer_limit_keys_207\" value=\"\" \/>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div><!-- .quiz_section -->\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div><!-- .qsm-auto-page-row -->\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"qsm-auto-page-row qsm-question-page qsm-apc-5\" data-apid=\"5\" data-qpid=\"5\" style=\"display: none;\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"quiz_section qsm-question-wrapper question-type-0  question-section-id-208 slide4 \">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class='mlw_qmn_question_number'>5.&nbsp;<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class='mlw_qmn_new_question'>How did the League of Nations most directly attempt to protect colonized peoples? <\/div>\n\t\t\t<div class='mlw_qmn_question  qsm_remove_bold' >\n\t\t<p><\/p>\n\t<\/div>\n\t\t<fieldset>\n\t\t<legend><\/legend>\n\t<div class='qmn_radio_answers '>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"qmn_mc_answer_wrap  mrq_checkbox_class\" id=\"question208-1 \">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<input type='radio' class='qmn_quiz_radio qmn-multiple-choice-input ' name=\"question208\" id=\"question208_1\" value=\"0\" \/>\n\t\t\t\t\t<label class=\"qsm-input-label\" for=\"question208_1\">\n\t\t\t\t\tCollective Security\t\t\t\t\t<\/label>\n\t\t\t\t\t \t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"qmn_mc_answer_wrap  mrq_checkbox_class\" id=\"question208-2 \">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<input type='radio' class='qmn_quiz_radio qmn-multiple-choice-input ' name=\"question208\" id=\"question208_2\" value=\"1\" \/>\n\t\t\t\t\t<label class=\"qsm-input-label\" for=\"question208_2\">\n\t\t\t\t\tSelf-Determination\t\t\t\t\t<\/label>\n\t\t\t\t\t \t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"qmn_mc_answer_wrap  mrq_checkbox_class\" id=\"question208-3 \">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<input type='radio' class='qmn_quiz_radio qmn-multiple-choice-input ' name=\"question208\" id=\"question208_3\" value=\"2\" \/>\n\t\t\t\t\t<label class=\"qsm-input-label\" for=\"question208_3\">\n\t\t\t\t\tMandate System\t\t\t\t\t<\/label>\n\t\t\t\t\t \t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"qmn_mc_answer_wrap  mrq_checkbox_class\" id=\"question208-4 \">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<input type='radio' class='qmn_quiz_radio qmn-multiple-choice-input ' name=\"question208\" id=\"question208_4\" value=\"3\" \/>\n\t\t\t\t\t<label class=\"qsm-input-label\" for=\"question208_4\">\n\t\t\t\t\tAll of the above\t\t\t\t\t<\/label>\n\t\t\t\t\t \t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t \t\t\t<label style=\"display: none !important;\" for=\"question208_none\">None<\/label>\n\t\t\t<input type=\"radio\" style=\"display: none;\" name=\"question208\" id=\"question208_none\" checked=\"checked\" value=\"\" \/>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t<\/fieldset>\n\t<input type=\"hidden\" name=\"answer_limit_keys_208\" value=\"\" \/>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div><!-- .quiz_section -->\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div><!-- .qsm-auto-page-row -->\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"qsm-auto-page-row qsm-question-page qsm-apc-6\" data-apid=\"6\" data-qpid=\"6\" style=\"display: none;\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"quiz_section qsm-question-wrapper question-type-0  question-section-id-209 slide5 \">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class='mlw_qmn_question_number'>6.&nbsp;<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class='mlw_qmn_new_question'>Why did the minority-rights regime of the League of Nations decline in the 1930s? <\/div>\n\t\t\t<div class='mlw_qmn_question  qsm_remove_bold' >\n\t\t<p><\/p>\n\t<\/div>\n\t\t<fieldset>\n\t\t<legend><\/legend>\n\t<div class='qmn_radio_answers '>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"qmn_mc_answer_wrap  mrq_checkbox_class\" id=\"question209-1 \">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<input type='radio' class='qmn_quiz_radio qmn-multiple-choice-input ' name=\"question209\" id=\"question209_1\" value=\"0\" \/>\n\t\t\t\t\t<label class=\"qsm-input-label\" for=\"question209_1\">\n\t\t\t\t\tExclusion of minority petitioners from disputes\t\t\t\t\t<\/label>\n\t\t\t\t\t \t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"qmn_mc_answer_wrap  mrq_checkbox_class\" id=\"question209-2 \">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<input type='radio' class='qmn_quiz_radio qmn-multiple-choice-input ' name=\"question209\" id=\"question209_2\" value=\"1\" \/>\n\t\t\t\t\t<label class=\"qsm-input-label\" for=\"question209_2\">\n\t\t\t\t\tNazi German use of minority rights to attack smaller neighboring states\t\t\t\t\t<\/label>\n\t\t\t\t\t \t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"qmn_mc_answer_wrap  mrq_checkbox_class\" id=\"question209-3 \">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<input type='radio' class='qmn_quiz_radio qmn-multiple-choice-input ' name=\"question209\" id=\"question209_3\" value=\"2\" \/>\n\t\t\t\t\t<label class=\"qsm-input-label\" for=\"question209_3\">\n\t\t\t\t\tReluctance of Britain, France, and the US to support refugees\t\t\t\t\t<\/label>\n\t\t\t\t\t \t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"qmn_mc_answer_wrap  mrq_checkbox_class\" id=\"question209-4 \">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<input type='radio' class='qmn_quiz_radio qmn-multiple-choice-input ' name=\"question209\" id=\"question209_4\" value=\"3\" \/>\n\t\t\t\t\t<label class=\"qsm-input-label\" for=\"question209_4\">\n\t\t\t\t\tAll of the above\t\t\t\t\t<\/label>\n\t\t\t\t\t \t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t \t\t\t<label style=\"display: none !important;\" for=\"question209_none\">None<\/label>\n\t\t\t<input type=\"radio\" style=\"display: none;\" name=\"question209\" id=\"question209_none\" checked=\"checked\" value=\"\" \/>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t<\/fieldset>\n\t<input type=\"hidden\" name=\"answer_limit_keys_209\" value=\"\" \/>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div><!-- .quiz_section -->\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div><!-- .qsm-auto-page-row -->\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"qsm-auto-page-row qsm-question-page qsm-apc-7\" data-apid=\"7\" data-qpid=\"7\" style=\"display: none;\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"quiz_section qsm-question-wrapper question-type-0  question-section-id-210 slide6 \">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class='mlw_qmn_question_number'>7.&nbsp;<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class='mlw_qmn_new_question'>How did the UN Charter attempt to rectify human rights failures of the League of Nations? <\/div>\n\t\t\t<div class='mlw_qmn_question  qsm_remove_bold' >\n\t\t<p><\/p>\n\t<\/div>\n\t\t<fieldset>\n\t\t<legend><\/legend>\n\t<div class='qmn_radio_answers '>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"qmn_mc_answer_wrap  mrq_checkbox_class\" id=\"question210-1 \">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<input type='radio' class='qmn_quiz_radio qmn-multiple-choice-input ' name=\"question210\" id=\"question210_1\" value=\"0\" \/>\n\t\t\t\t\t<label class=\"qsm-input-label\" for=\"question210_1\">\n\t\t\t\t\tShifting authority away from the great powers and to the global community\t\t\t\t\t<\/label>\n\t\t\t\t\t \t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"qmn_mc_answer_wrap  mrq_checkbox_class\" id=\"question210-2 \">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<input type='radio' class='qmn_quiz_radio qmn-multiple-choice-input ' name=\"question210\" id=\"question210_2\" value=\"1\" \/>\n\t\t\t\t\t<label class=\"qsm-input-label\" for=\"question210_2\">\n\t\t\t\t\tIncreased focus on rights through the UNCHR\t\t\t\t\t<\/label>\n\t\t\t\t\t \t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"qmn_mc_answer_wrap  mrq_checkbox_class\" id=\"question210-3 \">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<input type='radio' class='qmn_quiz_radio qmn-multiple-choice-input ' name=\"question210\" id=\"question210_3\" value=\"2\" \/>\n\t\t\t\t\t<label class=\"qsm-input-label\" for=\"question210_3\">\n\t\t\t\t\tRight of direct action by refugees through the ECSC\t\t\t\t\t<\/label>\n\t\t\t\t\t \t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"qmn_mc_answer_wrap  mrq_checkbox_class\" id=\"question210-4 \">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<input type='radio' class='qmn_quiz_radio qmn-multiple-choice-input ' name=\"question210\" id=\"question210_4\" value=\"3\" \/>\n\t\t\t\t\t<label class=\"qsm-input-label\" for=\"question210_4\">\n\t\t\t\t\tB and C\t\t\t\t\t<\/label>\n\t\t\t\t\t \t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t \t\t\t<label style=\"display: none !important;\" for=\"question210_none\">None<\/label>\n\t\t\t<input type=\"radio\" style=\"display: none;\" name=\"question210\" id=\"question210_none\" checked=\"checked\" value=\"\" \/>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t<\/fieldset>\n\t<input type=\"hidden\" name=\"answer_limit_keys_210\" value=\"\" \/>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div><!-- .quiz_section -->\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div><!-- .qsm-auto-page-row -->\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"qsm-auto-page-row qsm-question-page qsm-apc-8\" data-apid=\"8\" data-qpid=\"8\" style=\"display: none;\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"quiz_section qsm-question-wrapper question-type-0  question-section-id-211 slide7 \">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class='mlw_qmn_question_number'>8.&nbsp;<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class='mlw_qmn_new_question'>What rights did the Universal Declaration of Human Rights assert? <\/div>\n\t\t\t<div class='mlw_qmn_question  qsm_remove_bold' >\n\t\t<p><\/p>\n\t<\/div>\n\t\t<fieldset>\n\t\t<legend><\/legend>\n\t<div class='qmn_radio_answers '>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"qmn_mc_answer_wrap  mrq_checkbox_class\" id=\"question211-1 \">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<input type='radio' class='qmn_quiz_radio qmn-multiple-choice-input ' name=\"question211\" id=\"question211_1\" value=\"0\" \/>\n\t\t\t\t\t<label class=\"qsm-input-label\" for=\"question211_1\">\n\t\t\t\t\tFreedom of speech\t\t\t\t\t<\/label>\n\t\t\t\t\t \t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"qmn_mc_answer_wrap  mrq_checkbox_class\" id=\"question211-2 \">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<input type='radio' class='qmn_quiz_radio qmn-multiple-choice-input ' name=\"question211\" id=\"question211_2\" value=\"1\" \/>\n\t\t\t\t\t<label class=\"qsm-input-label\" for=\"question211_2\">\n\t\t\t\t\tEducation rights\t\t\t\t\t<\/label>\n\t\t\t\t\t \t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"qmn_mc_answer_wrap  mrq_checkbox_class\" id=\"question211-3 \">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<input type='radio' class='qmn_quiz_radio qmn-multiple-choice-input ' name=\"question211\" id=\"question211_3\" value=\"2\" \/>\n\t\t\t\t\t<label class=\"qsm-input-label\" for=\"question211_3\">\n\t\t\t\t\tEmployment rights\t\t\t\t\t<\/label>\n\t\t\t\t\t \t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"qmn_mc_answer_wrap  mrq_checkbox_class\" id=\"question211-4 \">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<input type='radio' class='qmn_quiz_radio qmn-multiple-choice-input ' name=\"question211\" id=\"question211_4\" value=\"3\" \/>\n\t\t\t\t\t<label class=\"qsm-input-label\" for=\"question211_4\">\n\t\t\t\t\tAll of the above\t\t\t\t\t<\/label>\n\t\t\t\t\t \t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t \t\t\t<label style=\"display: none !important;\" for=\"question211_none\">None<\/label>\n\t\t\t<input type=\"radio\" style=\"display: none;\" name=\"question211\" id=\"question211_none\" checked=\"checked\" value=\"\" \/>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t<\/fieldset>\n\t<input type=\"hidden\" name=\"answer_limit_keys_211\" value=\"\" \/>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div><!-- .quiz_section -->\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div><!-- .qsm-auto-page-row -->\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"qsm-auto-page-row qsm-question-page qsm-apc-9\" data-apid=\"9\" data-qpid=\"9\" style=\"display: none;\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"quiz_section qsm-question-wrapper question-type-0  question-section-id-212 slide8 \">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class='mlw_qmn_question_number'>9.&nbsp;<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class='mlw_qmn_new_question'>Why did human rights occupy a more central place on the international stage during the Cold War? <\/div>\n\t\t\t<div class='mlw_qmn_question  qsm_remove_bold' >\n\t\t<p><\/p>\n\t<\/div>\n\t\t<fieldset>\n\t\t<legend><\/legend>\n\t<div class='qmn_radio_answers '>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"qmn_mc_answer_wrap  mrq_checkbox_class\" id=\"question212-1 \">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<input type='radio' class='qmn_quiz_radio qmn-multiple-choice-input ' name=\"question212\" id=\"question212_1\" value=\"0\" \/>\n\t\t\t\t\t<label class=\"qsm-input-label\" for=\"question212_1\">\n\t\t\t\t\tRise of NGOs\t\t\t\t\t<\/label>\n\t\t\t\t\t \t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"qmn_mc_answer_wrap  mrq_checkbox_class\" id=\"question212-2 \">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<input type='radio' class='qmn_quiz_radio qmn-multiple-choice-input ' name=\"question212\" id=\"question212_2\" value=\"1\" \/>\n\t\t\t\t\t<label class=\"qsm-input-label\" for=\"question212_2\">\n\t\t\t\t\tIncreased media coverage\t\t\t\t\t<\/label>\n\t\t\t\t\t \t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"qmn_mc_answer_wrap  mrq_checkbox_class\" id=\"question212-3 \">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<input type='radio' class='qmn_quiz_radio qmn-multiple-choice-input ' name=\"question212\" id=\"question212_3\" value=\"2\" \/>\n\t\t\t\t\t<label class=\"qsm-input-label\" for=\"question212_3\">\n\t\t\t\t\tNewly independent state interest\t\t\t\t\t<\/label>\n\t\t\t\t\t \t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"qmn_mc_answer_wrap  mrq_checkbox_class\" id=\"question212-4 \">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<input type='radio' class='qmn_quiz_radio qmn-multiple-choice-input ' name=\"question212\" id=\"question212_4\" value=\"3\" \/>\n\t\t\t\t\t<label class=\"qsm-input-label\" for=\"question212_4\">\n\t\t\t\t\tAll of the above\t\t\t\t\t<\/label>\n\t\t\t\t\t \t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t \t\t\t<label style=\"display: none !important;\" for=\"question212_none\">None<\/label>\n\t\t\t<input type=\"radio\" style=\"display: none;\" name=\"question212\" id=\"question212_none\" checked=\"checked\" value=\"\" \/>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t<\/fieldset>\n\t<input type=\"hidden\" name=\"answer_limit_keys_212\" value=\"\" \/>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div><!-- .quiz_section -->\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div><!-- .qsm-auto-page-row -->\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"qsm-auto-page-row qsm-question-page qsm-apc-10\" data-apid=\"10\" data-qpid=\"10\" style=\"display: none;\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"quiz_section qsm-question-wrapper question-type-0  question-section-id-213 slide9 \">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class='mlw_qmn_question_number'>10.&nbsp;<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class='mlw_qmn_new_question'>Which statement about human rights during the Cold War is most true? <\/div>\n\t\t\t<div class='mlw_qmn_question  qsm_remove_bold' >\n\t\t<p><\/p>\n\t<\/div>\n\t\t<fieldset>\n\t\t<legend><\/legend>\n\t<div class='qmn_radio_answers '>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"qmn_mc_answer_wrap  mrq_checkbox_class\" id=\"question213-1 \">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<input type='radio' class='qmn_quiz_radio qmn-multiple-choice-input ' name=\"question213\" id=\"question213_1\" value=\"0\" \/>\n\t\t\t\t\t<label class=\"qsm-input-label\" for=\"question213_1\">\n\t\t\t\t\tthe Helsinki Declaration of 1975 had little effect on human rights\t\t\t\t\t<\/label>\n\t\t\t\t\t \t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"qmn_mc_answer_wrap  mrq_checkbox_class\" id=\"question213-2 \">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<input type='radio' class='qmn_quiz_radio qmn-multiple-choice-input ' name=\"question213\" id=\"question213_2\" value=\"1\" \/>\n\t\t\t\t\t<label class=\"qsm-input-label\" for=\"question213_2\">\n\t\t\t\t\tRichard Nixon sought to focus on realpolitik over rights and ideology\t\t\t\t\t<\/label>\n\t\t\t\t\t \t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"qmn_mc_answer_wrap  mrq_checkbox_class\" id=\"question213-3 \">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<input type='radio' class='qmn_quiz_radio qmn-multiple-choice-input ' name=\"question213\" id=\"question213_3\" value=\"2\" \/>\n\t\t\t\t\t<label class=\"qsm-input-label\" for=\"question213_3\">\n\t\t\t\t\tThe Carter Administration consistently upheld human rights as a value\t\t\t\t\t<\/label>\n\t\t\t\t\t \t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"qmn_mc_answer_wrap  mrq_checkbox_class\" id=\"question213-4 \">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<input type='radio' class='qmn_quiz_radio qmn-multiple-choice-input ' name=\"question213\" id=\"question213_4\" value=\"3\" \/>\n\t\t\t\t\t<label class=\"qsm-input-label\" for=\"question213_4\">\n\t\t\t\t\tReagan renewed American commitment to human rights after the Carter years\t\t\t\t\t<\/label>\n\t\t\t\t\t \t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t \t\t\t<label style=\"display: none !important;\" for=\"question213_none\">None<\/label>\n\t\t\t<input type=\"radio\" style=\"display: none;\" name=\"question213\" id=\"question213_none\" checked=\"checked\" value=\"\" \/>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t<\/fieldset>\n\t<input type=\"hidden\" name=\"answer_limit_keys_213\" value=\"\" \/>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div><!-- .quiz_section -->\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div><!-- .qsm-auto-page-row -->\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<input type=\"hidden\" name=\"qmn_question_list\" value=\"204Q205Q206Q207Q208Q209Q210Q211Q212Q213Q\" \/>\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"qsm-auto-page-row quiz_section quiz_end empty_quiz_end qsm-d-none\" >\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div id=\"mlw_error_message_bottom\" class=\"qsm-error-message qmn_error_message_section\"><\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<input type=\"hidden\" name=\"qmn_all_questions_count\" id=\"qmn_all_questions_count\" value=\"10\" \/>\n\t\t\t\t\t<input type=\"hidden\" name=\"total_questions\" id=\"total_questions\" value=\"10\" \/>\n\t\t\t\t\t<input type=\"hidden\" name=\"timer\" id=\"timer\" value=\"0\" \/>\n\t\t\t\t\t<input type=\"hidden\" name=\"timer_ms\" id=\"timer_ms\" value=\"0\"\/>\n\t\t\t\t\t<input type=\"hidden\" class=\"qmn_quiz_id\" name=\"qmn_quiz_id\" id=\"qmn_quiz_id\" value=\"22\" \/>\n\t\t\t\t\t<input type='hidden' name='complete_quiz' value='confirmation' \/>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/form>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div style=\"display: none;\" class=\"qsm-popup qsm-popup-slide\" id=\"modal-4\" aria-hidden=\"false\"><div class=\"qsm-popup__overlay\" tabindex=\"-1\" data-micromodal-close=\"\"><div class=\"qsm-popup__container qmn_quiz_container\" role=\"dialog\" aria-modal=\"true\"><div class=\"qsm-popup__content\"><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/staging.routledgelearning.com\/internationalhistory20c\/wp-content\/plugins\/quiz-master-next\/assets\/clock.png\" alt=\"clock.png\"\/><p class=\"qsm-time-up-text\"> Time's up<\/p><\/div><footer class=\"qsm-popup__footer\"><button class=\"qsm-popup-secondary-button qmn_btn\" data-micromodal-close=\"\" aria-label=\"Close this dialog window\" onclick=\"location.reload();\">Cancel<\/button><\/footer><\/div><\/div><\/div>\n\n\n\n<hr class=\"wp-block-separator has-alpha-channel-opacity is-style-wide\" style=\"margin-top:var(--wp--preset--spacing--40);margin-bottom:0\"\/>\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-group is-layout-flow wp-container-core-group-is-layout-c052e65d wp-block-group-is-layout-flow\" style=\"margin-bottom:var(--wp--preset--spacing--40)\">\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading has-montserrat-font-family has-medium-font-size\" id=\"aioseo-exam-questions\">Exam Questions<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<h4 class=\"wp-block-heading has-roboto-font-family\" id=\"aioseo-discussion-questions\" style=\"padding-top:var(--wp--preset--spacing--40);padding-bottom:var(--wp--preset--spacing--30);line-height:1.4;text-decoration:underline\"><strong>Discussion Questions&nbsp;<\/strong>&nbsp;<\/h4>\n\n\n\n<p style=\"padding-top:var(--wp--preset--spacing--30);padding-bottom:var(--wp--preset--spacing--30);line-height:1.4\">What are some of the roots of modern human rights advocacy?&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p style=\"padding-top:var(--wp--preset--spacing--30);padding-bottom:var(--wp--preset--spacing--30);line-height:1.4\">What are some examples of human rights initiatives before 1914?&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p style=\"padding-top:var(--wp--preset--spacing--30);padding-bottom:var(--wp--preset--spacing--30);line-height:1.4\">How did the League of Nations attempt to advance human rights in the 1920s and 1930?&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p style=\"padding-top:var(--wp--preset--spacing--30);padding-bottom:var(--wp--preset--spacing--30);line-height:1.4\">How has the international community sought to protect the rights of minority groups since 1919?&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p style=\"padding-top:var(--wp--preset--spacing--30);padding-bottom:var(--wp--preset--spacing--30);line-height:1.4\">How did the United Nations attempt to correct failings in the League of Nations in protecting human rights?&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p style=\"padding-top:var(--wp--preset--spacing--30);padding-bottom:var(--wp--preset--spacing--30);line-height:1.4\">What role has been played by private individuals and NGOs in push for respect of human rights?&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p style=\"padding-top:var(--wp--preset--spacing--30);padding-bottom:var(--wp--preset--spacing--30);line-height:1.4\">Give a specific example of a human rights violation in a region of the world and the responses of the international community.&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p style=\"padding-top:var(--wp--preset--spacing--30);padding-bottom:var(--wp--preset--spacing--30);line-height:1.4\">How did the Cold War influence respect for human rights?&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p style=\"padding-top:var(--wp--preset--spacing--30);padding-bottom:var(--wp--preset--spacing--30);line-height:1.4\">Did the end of the bipolar environment of the Cold War influence human rights initiatives in the 1990s?&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p style=\"margin-bottom:0\">What is the controversy surrounding the \u201cright to protect\u201d?&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h4 class=\"wp-block-heading has-roboto-font-family\" id=\"aioseo-exam-questions\" style=\"padding-top:var(--wp--preset--spacing--70);line-height:1.4;text-decoration:underline\"><strong>Exam Questions<\/strong>&nbsp;<\/h4>\n\n\n\n<p style=\"padding-top:var(--wp--preset--spacing--30);padding-bottom:var(--wp--preset--spacing--30);line-height:1.4\">How have the great powers sought a balance between sovereignty and universal human rights?&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p style=\"padding-top:var(--wp--preset--spacing--30);padding-bottom:var(--wp--preset--spacing--30);line-height:1.4\">How has respect for human rights been influenced by trends in international relations, such as the Cold War?&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p style=\"padding-top:var(--wp--preset--spacing--30);padding-bottom:var(--wp--preset--spacing--30);line-height:1.4\">How have the great powers differed from the views of states in the developing world on human rights?&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<hr class=\"wp-block-separator has-alpha-channel-opacity is-style-wide\" style=\"margin-top:var(--wp--preset--spacing--40);margin-bottom:0\"\/>\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-group is-layout-flow wp-container-core-group-is-layout-c052e65d wp-block-group-is-layout-flow\" style=\"margin-bottom:var(--wp--preset--spacing--40)\">\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading has-montserrat-font-family has-medium-font-size\" id=\"aioseo-weblinks\">Weblinks<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p style=\"padding-top:var(--wp--preset--spacing--30);padding-bottom:var(--wp--preset--spacing--30);line-height:1.4\"><a href=\"http:\/\/www.emersonkent.com\/speeches\/struggle_for_human_rights.htm\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">http:\/\/www.emersonkent.com\/speeches\/struggle_for_human_rights.htm<\/a> &#8211; text of Eleanor Roosevelt speech on human rights in 1948&nbsp;&nbsp;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p style=\"padding-top:var(--wp--preset--spacing--30);padding-bottom:var(--wp--preset--spacing--30);line-height:1.4\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.un.org\/en\/about-us\/universal-declaration-of-human-rights\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">https:\/\/www.un.org\/en\/about-us\/universal-declaration-of-human-rights<\/a> &#8211; text of UN Declaration on Human Rights 1948&nbsp;&nbsp;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p style=\"padding-top:var(--wp--preset--spacing--30);padding-bottom:var(--wp--preset--spacing--30);line-height:1.4\"><a href=\"http:\/\/avalon.law.yale.edu\/20th_century\/genocide.asp\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">http:\/\/avalon.law.yale.edu\/20th_century\/genocide.asp<\/a> &#8211; text of Genocide Convention 1948&nbsp;&nbsp;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p style=\"padding-top:var(--wp--preset--spacing--30);padding-bottom:var(--wp--preset--spacing--30);line-height:1.4\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.equalrightstrust.org\/sites\/default\/files\/ertdocs\/\/DDHC%201789%20ENG.pdf\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">https:\/\/www.equalrightstrust.org\/sites\/default\/files\/ertdocs\/\/DDHC%201789%20ENG.pdf<\/a>&nbsp; &#8211; text of Declaration of the Rights of Man and of the Citizen 1789&nbsp;&nbsp;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p style=\"padding-top:var(--wp--preset--spacing--30);padding-bottom:var(--wp--preset--spacing--30);line-height:1.4\"><a href=\"http:\/\/avalon.law.yale.edu\/19th_century\/geneva04.asp\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">http:\/\/avalon.law.yale.edu\/19th_century\/geneva04.asp<\/a> &#8211; text of the 1864 Geneva Convention&nbsp;&nbsp;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p style=\"padding-top:var(--wp--preset--spacing--30);padding-bottom:var(--wp--preset--spacing--30);line-height:1.4\"><a href=\"https:\/\/1997-2001.state.gov\/global\/human_rights\/971209_clinton_humrts.html\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">https:\/\/1997-2001.state.gov\/global\/human_rights\/971209_clinton_humrts.html<\/a>&nbsp; &#8211; US statement on human rights and democracy 1997&nbsp;&nbsp;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p style=\"padding-top:var(--wp--preset--spacing--30);padding-bottom:var(--wp--preset--spacing--30);line-height:1.4\"><a href=\"http:\/\/www.blackpast.org\/george-washington-williams-open-letter-king-leopold-congo-1890\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">http:\/\/www.blackpast.org\/george-washington-williams-open-letter-king-leopold-congo-1890<\/a> &#8211; correspondence regarding humanitarian crisis in the Congo 1890&nbsp;&nbsp;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p style=\"padding-top:var(--wp--preset--spacing--30);padding-bottom:var(--wp--preset--spacing--30);line-height:1.4\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.icrc.org\/en\/war-and-law\/treaties-customary-law\/geneva-conventions\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">https:\/\/www.icrc.org\/en\/war-and-law\/treaties-customary-law\/geneva-conventions<\/a> &#8211; texts of the Geneva Conventions of 1949&nbsp;&nbsp;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p style=\"padding-top:var(--wp--preset--spacing--30);padding-bottom:var(--wp--preset--spacing--30);line-height:1.4\"><a href=\"http:\/\/www.hri.org\/docs\/ECHR50.html\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">http:\/\/www.hri.org\/docs\/ECHR50.html<\/a> &#8211; text of the European Convention on Human Rights&nbsp;&nbsp;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p style=\"padding-top:var(--wp--preset--spacing--30);padding-bottom:var(--wp--preset--spacing--30);line-height:1.4\"><a href=\"http:\/\/avalon.law.yale.edu\/20th_century\/child.asp\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">http:\/\/avalon.law.yale.edu\/20th_century\/child.asp<\/a> &#8211; text of 1989 Convention on the Rights of the Child&nbsp;&nbsp;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<hr class=\"wp-block-separator has-alpha-channel-opacity is-style-wide\" style=\"margin-top:var(--wp--preset--spacing--40);margin-bottom:0\"\/>\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-group is-layout-flow wp-container-core-group-is-layout-c052e65d wp-block-group-is-layout-flow\" style=\"margin-bottom:var(--wp--preset--spacing--40)\">\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading has-montserrat-font-family has-medium-font-size\" id=\"aioseo-bibliography\">Bibliography&nbsp;<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p style=\"padding-top:var(--wp--preset--spacing--30);padding-bottom:var(--wp--preset--spacing--30);line-height:1.4\">Adami, Rebecca, and Daniel Plesch, eds., <em>Women and the UN:&nbsp; A New History of Women\u2019s International Human Rights<\/em> (New York:&nbsp; Routledge, 2022).&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p style=\"padding-top:var(--wp--preset--spacing--30);padding-bottom:var(--wp--preset--spacing--30);line-height:1.4\">Burke, Roland, \u201c\u2018How Time Flies\u2019:&nbsp; Celebrating the Universal Declaration of Human Rights in the 1960s,\u201d <em>International History Review<\/em> 38:3 (2016) 394-420.&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p style=\"padding-top:var(--wp--preset--spacing--30);padding-bottom:var(--wp--preset--spacing--30);line-height:1.4\">Chollet, Derek, \u201cObama and Putin\u201d, <em>Diplomatic History<\/em> 42:4 (2018) 579-582.&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p style=\"padding-top:var(--wp--preset--spacing--30);padding-bottom:var(--wp--preset--spacing--30);line-height:1.4\">Crossland, James, <em>War, Law and Humanity:&nbsp; The Campaign to Control Warfare, 1853-1914<\/em>, (London:&nbsp; Bloomsbury, 2018).&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p style=\"padding-top:var(--wp--preset--spacing--30);padding-bottom:var(--wp--preset--spacing--30);line-height:1.4\">Gumz, Jonathan, \u201cInternational Law and the Transformation of War, 1899-1949:&nbsp; The Case of Military Occupation\u201d, <em>Journal of Modern History<\/em> 90:3 (2018) 621-660.&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p style=\"padding-top:var(--wp--preset--spacing--30);padding-bottom:var(--wp--preset--spacing--30);line-height:1.4\">Hucker, Daniel, <em>Public Opinion and Twentieth-Century Diplomacy<\/em> (London:&nbsp; Bloomsbury, 2022).&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p style=\"padding-top:var(--wp--preset--spacing--30);padding-bottom:var(--wp--preset--spacing--30);line-height:1.4\">Hurst, Mark, <em>British Human Rights Organizations and Soviet Dissent, 1965-1985<\/em> (London:&nbsp; Bloomsbury, 2017).&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p style=\"padding-top:var(--wp--preset--spacing--30);padding-bottom:var(--wp--preset--spacing--30);line-height:1.4\">Jensen, Steven L. B., <em>The Making of International Human Rights:&nbsp; The 1960s, Decolonization, and the Reconstruction of Global Values<\/em> (New York:&nbsp; Cambridge University Press, 2016).&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p style=\"padding-top:var(--wp--preset--spacing--30);padding-bottom:var(--wp--preset--spacing--30);line-height:1.4\">Lorenzini, Sara, Umberto Tulli, Ilaria Zamburlini, eds., <em>The Human Rights Breakthrough of the 1970s<\/em> (London:&nbsp; Bloomsbury, 2022).&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p style=\"padding-top:var(--wp--preset--spacing--30);padding-bottom:var(--wp--preset--spacing--30);line-height:1.4\">Pedaliu, Effie G. H., \u201cHuman Rights and International Security:&nbsp; The International Community and the Greek Dictators,\u201d <em>International History Review<\/em> 38:5 (2016) 1014-1039.&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Ramcharan, B. G., <em>A History of the UN Human Rights Programme and Secretariat<\/em>, (Leiden:&nbsp; Brill Nijhoff, 2020).&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Tyskiewicz, Jakub, \u201cHuman Rights and the Jimmy Carter Administration\u2019s Policy towards Poland, 1977-80\u201d, <em>Cold War History<\/em> 22:2 (2023) 307-325.&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Welchman, Lynn, <em>Al-Haq:&nbsp; A Global History of the First Palestinian Human Rights Organization<\/em>, (University of California Press, 2021).&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-column is-layout-flow wp-block-column-is-layout-flow\" style=\"font-style:normal;font-weight:600;flex-basis:20%\">\n<div class=\"wp-block-group is-nowrap is-layout-flex wp-container-core-group-is-layout-6c531013 wp-block-group-is-layout-flex wp-container-1 is-position-sticky\"><div class=\"wp-block-aioseo-table-of-contents\"><ol><li><a class=\"aioseo-toc-item\" href=\"#aioseo-multiple-choice-questions\">Multiple Choice Questions<\/a><\/li><li><a class=\"aioseo-toc-item\" href=\"#aioseo-exam-questions\">Exam Questions<\/a><\/li><li><a class=\"aioseo-toc-item\" href=\"#aioseo-weblinks\">Weblinks<\/a><\/li><li><a class=\"aioseo-toc-item\" href=\"#aioseo-bibliography\">Bibliography<\/a><ol><\/ol><\/li><\/ol><\/div><\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>The last decades of the twentieth century appeared to mark the entry of a new issue into the international relations agenda \u2013 human rights. However, to a degree, concerns about rights and humanitarian intervention had played a role going back to the eighteenth century. Moreover, controversies about minority rights had marred inter-war Europe and been [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"featured_media":0,"parent":531,"menu_order":0,"template":"wp-custom-template-single-chapter-page","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"footnotes":""},"tags":[7],"class_list":["post-619","content","type-content","status-publish","hentry","tag-chapter-content"],"acf":[],"aioseo_notices":[],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/staging.routledgelearning.com\/internationalhistory20c\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/content\/619","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/staging.routledgelearning.com\/internationalhistory20c\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/content"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/staging.routledgelearning.com\/internationalhistory20c\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/content"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"https:\/\/staging.routledgelearning.com\/internationalhistory20c\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/content\/619\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":620,"href":"https:\/\/staging.routledgelearning.com\/internationalhistory20c\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/content\/619\/revisions\/620"}],"up":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/staging.routledgelearning.com\/internationalhistory20c\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/content\/531"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/staging.routledgelearning.com\/internationalhistory20c\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=619"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/staging.routledgelearning.com\/internationalhistory20c\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=619"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}