{"id":317,"date":"2026-05-27T11:14:34","date_gmt":"2026-05-27T11:14:34","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/staging.routledgelearning.com\/sustainabilityprinciplesandpractice\/?page_id=317"},"modified":"2026-05-27T11:14:35","modified_gmt":"2026-05-27T11:14:35","slug":"pollution","status":"publish","type":"page","link":"https:\/\/staging.routledgelearning.com\/sustainabilityprinciplesandpractice\/pollution\/","title":{"rendered":"Pollution"},"content":{"rendered":"\n<div class=\"wp-block-buttons is-content-justification-left is-layout-flex wp-container-core-buttons-is-layout-69934ac2 wp-block-buttons-is-layout-flex\">\n<div class=\"wp-block-button\"><a class=\"wp-block-button__link has-base-color has-text-color has-background has-link-color wp-element-button\" href=\"https:\/\/staging.routledgelearning.com\/sustainabilityprinciplesandpractice\/flashcards\/\" style=\"background-color:#409750;font-style:normal;font-weight:300\">Back to all Flashcards<\/a><\/div>\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n<!-- Swiper -->\n<div class=\"swiper mySwiper\" id=\"swiper-block_b6eec42f15094685e446f042289a9a8d\">\n    <div class=\"swiper-wrapper\">\n\n        \n        <!-- Swiper Slide -->\n        <div class=\"swiper-slide\">\n          <!-- Flashcard -->\n           <button class=\"flip-card\" role=\"button\" tabindex=\"0\" data-front=\"acid rain\" data-back=\"Precipitation containing higher than normal amounts of sulfuric acid and nitric acid, formed when natural rainwater combines with sulfur dioxide and nitrogen oxides emitted by burning of fossil fuels.\">\n            <div class=\"flip-card-inner\">\n              <div class=\"flip-card-front\">\n                <p><p>acid rain<\/p>\n<\/p>\n                <div id=\"flashcard-instruction-block_b6eec42f15094685e446f042289a9a8d\" class=\"flashcard-instruction\">Click to Flip<\/div>\n              <\/div>\n              <div class=\"flip-card-back\"><p>Precipitation containing higher than normal amounts of sulfuric acid and nitric acid, formed when natural rainwater combines with sulfur dioxide and nitrogen oxides emitted by burning of fossil fuels.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n            <\/div>\n          <\/button>\n        <\/div>\n\n        \n        <!-- Swiper Slide -->\n        <div class=\"swiper-slide\">\n          <!-- Flashcard -->\n           <button class=\"flip-card\" role=\"button\" tabindex=\"0\" data-front=\"aerobic\" data-back=\"Living systems or processes that occur in the presence of oxygen.\">\n            <div class=\"flip-card-inner\">\n              <div class=\"flip-card-front\">\n                <p><p>aerobic<\/p>\n<\/p>\n                <div id=\"flashcard-instruction-block_b6eec42f15094685e446f042289a9a8d\" class=\"flashcard-instruction\">Click to Flip<\/div>\n              <\/div>\n              <div class=\"flip-card-back\"><p>Living systems or processes that occur in the presence of oxygen.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n            <\/div>\n          <\/button>\n        <\/div>\n\n        \n        <!-- Swiper Slide -->\n        <div class=\"swiper-slide\">\n          <!-- Flashcard -->\n           <button class=\"flip-card\" role=\"button\" tabindex=\"0\" data-front=\"aerosol\" data-back=\"Minute solid or liquid airborne particles that remain suspended in the atmosphere for at least several hours.\">\n            <div class=\"flip-card-inner\">\n              <div class=\"flip-card-front\">\n                <p><p>aerosol<\/p>\n<\/p>\n                <div id=\"flashcard-instruction-block_b6eec42f15094685e446f042289a9a8d\" class=\"flashcard-instruction\">Click to Flip<\/div>\n              <\/div>\n              <div class=\"flip-card-back\"><p>Minute solid or liquid airborne particles that remain suspended in the atmosphere for at least several hours.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n            <\/div>\n          <\/button>\n        <\/div>\n\n        \n        <!-- Swiper Slide -->\n        <div class=\"swiper-slide\">\n          <!-- Flashcard -->\n           <button class=\"flip-card\" role=\"button\" tabindex=\"0\" data-front=\"allergen\" data-back=\"A substance that activates the body\u2019s immune system, causing a response when a response is not necessary.\">\n            <div class=\"flip-card-inner\">\n              <div class=\"flip-card-front\">\n                <p><p>allergen<\/p>\n<\/p>\n                <div id=\"flashcard-instruction-block_b6eec42f15094685e446f042289a9a8d\" class=\"flashcard-instruction\">Click to Flip<\/div>\n              <\/div>\n              <div class=\"flip-card-back\"><p>A substance that activates the body\u2019s immune system, causing a response when a response is not necessary.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n            <\/div>\n          <\/button>\n        <\/div>\n\n        \n        <!-- Swiper Slide -->\n        <div class=\"swiper-slide\">\n          <!-- Flashcard -->\n           <button class=\"flip-card\" role=\"button\" tabindex=\"0\" data-front=\"anaerobic\" data-back=\"Living systems or processes that occur in the absence of oxygen.\">\n            <div class=\"flip-card-inner\">\n              <div class=\"flip-card-front\">\n                <p><p>anaerobic<\/p>\n<\/p>\n                <div id=\"flashcard-instruction-block_b6eec42f15094685e446f042289a9a8d\" class=\"flashcard-instruction\">Click to Flip<\/div>\n              <\/div>\n              <div class=\"flip-card-back\"><p>Living systems or processes that occur in the absence of oxygen.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n            <\/div>\n          <\/button>\n        <\/div>\n\n        \n        <!-- Swiper Slide -->\n        <div class=\"swiper-slide\">\n          <!-- Flashcard -->\n           <button class=\"flip-card\" role=\"button\" tabindex=\"0\" data-front=\"bioaccumulation\" data-back=\"The process in which the concentration of a substance taken in by an organism increases faster than the rate at which the organism can remove it.\">\n            <div class=\"flip-card-inner\">\n              <div class=\"flip-card-front\">\n                <p><p>bioaccumulation<\/p>\n<\/p>\n                <div id=\"flashcard-instruction-block_b6eec42f15094685e446f042289a9a8d\" class=\"flashcard-instruction\">Click to Flip<\/div>\n              <\/div>\n              <div class=\"flip-card-back\"><p>The process in which the concentration of a substance taken in by an organism increases faster than the rate at which the organism can remove it.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n            <\/div>\n          <\/button>\n        <\/div>\n\n        \n        <!-- Swiper Slide -->\n        <div class=\"swiper-slide\">\n          <!-- Flashcard -->\n           <button class=\"flip-card\" role=\"button\" tabindex=\"0\" data-front=\"bioaugmentation\" data-back=\"The addition of microorganisms to a polluted site to assist in bioremediation.\">\n            <div class=\"flip-card-inner\">\n              <div class=\"flip-card-front\">\n                <p><p>bioaugmentation <\/p>\n<\/p>\n                <div id=\"flashcard-instruction-block_b6eec42f15094685e446f042289a9a8d\" class=\"flashcard-instruction\">Click to Flip<\/div>\n              <\/div>\n              <div class=\"flip-card-back\"><p>The addition of microorganisms to a polluted site to assist in bioremediation.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n            <\/div>\n          <\/button>\n        <\/div>\n\n        \n        <!-- Swiper Slide -->\n        <div class=\"swiper-slide\">\n          <!-- Flashcard -->\n           <button class=\"flip-card\" role=\"button\" tabindex=\"0\" data-front=\"biochemical oxygen demand (BOD)\" data-back=\"A measure of organic content in water, given by the amount of dissolved oxygen consumed by aquatic organisms as they break down organic matter.\">\n            <div class=\"flip-card-inner\">\n              <div class=\"flip-card-front\">\n                <p><p>biochemical oxygen demand (BOD)<\/p>\n<\/p>\n                <div id=\"flashcard-instruction-block_b6eec42f15094685e446f042289a9a8d\" class=\"flashcard-instruction\">Click to Flip<\/div>\n              <\/div>\n              <div class=\"flip-card-back\"><p>A measure of organic content in water, given by the amount of dissolved oxygen consumed by aquatic organisms as they break down organic matter.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n            <\/div>\n          <\/button>\n        <\/div>\n\n        \n        <!-- Swiper Slide -->\n        <div class=\"swiper-slide\">\n          <!-- Flashcard -->\n           <button class=\"flip-card\" role=\"button\" tabindex=\"0\" data-front=\"biomagnification\" data-back=\"The process in which the concentration of a substance increases as it passes to successively higher trophic levels of a food web.\">\n            <div class=\"flip-card-inner\">\n              <div class=\"flip-card-front\">\n                <p><p>biomagnification<\/p>\n<\/p>\n                <div id=\"flashcard-instruction-block_b6eec42f15094685e446f042289a9a8d\" class=\"flashcard-instruction\">Click to Flip<\/div>\n              <\/div>\n              <div class=\"flip-card-back\"><p>The process in which the concentration of a substance increases as it passes to successively higher trophic levels of a food web.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n            <\/div>\n          <\/button>\n        <\/div>\n\n        \n        <!-- Swiper Slide -->\n        <div class=\"swiper-slide\">\n          <!-- Flashcard -->\n           <button class=\"flip-card\" role=\"button\" tabindex=\"0\" data-front=\"bioremediation\" data-back=\"The use of microorganisms to break down pollutants in soil or water.\">\n            <div class=\"flip-card-inner\">\n              <div class=\"flip-card-front\">\n                <p><p>bioremediation<\/p>\n<\/p>\n                <div id=\"flashcard-instruction-block_b6eec42f15094685e446f042289a9a8d\" class=\"flashcard-instruction\">Click to Flip<\/div>\n              <\/div>\n              <div class=\"flip-card-back\"><p>The use of microorganisms to break down pollutants in soil or water.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n            <\/div>\n          <\/button>\n        <\/div>\n\n        \n        <!-- Swiper Slide -->\n        <div class=\"swiper-slide\">\n          <!-- Flashcard -->\n           <button class=\"flip-card\" role=\"button\" tabindex=\"0\" data-front=\"brownfield\" data-back=\"An abandoned or under-used industrial site in which redevelopment or reuse is complicated by the presence or potential presence of a hazardous material.\">\n            <div class=\"flip-card-inner\">\n              <div class=\"flip-card-front\">\n                <p><p>brownfield<\/p>\n<\/p>\n                <div id=\"flashcard-instruction-block_b6eec42f15094685e446f042289a9a8d\" class=\"flashcard-instruction\">Click to Flip<\/div>\n              <\/div>\n              <div class=\"flip-card-back\"><p>An abandoned or under-used industrial site in which redevelopment or reuse is complicated by the presence or potential presence of a hazardous material.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n            <\/div>\n          <\/button>\n        <\/div>\n\n        \n        <!-- Swiper Slide -->\n        <div class=\"swiper-slide\">\n          <!-- Flashcard -->\n           <button class=\"flip-card\" role=\"button\" tabindex=\"0\" data-front=\"cancer cluster\" data-back=\"A greater-than-expected number of cancer cases in a particular location, usually associated with exposures to toxins in the workplace.\">\n            <div class=\"flip-card-inner\">\n              <div class=\"flip-card-front\">\n                <p><p>cancer cluster<\/p>\n<\/p>\n                <div id=\"flashcard-instruction-block_b6eec42f15094685e446f042289a9a8d\" class=\"flashcard-instruction\">Click to Flip<\/div>\n              <\/div>\n              <div class=\"flip-card-back\"><p>A greater-than-expected number of cancer cases in a particular location, usually associated with exposures to toxins in the workplace.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n            <\/div>\n          <\/button>\n        <\/div>\n\n        \n        <!-- Swiper Slide -->\n        <div class=\"swiper-slide\">\n          <!-- Flashcard -->\n           <button class=\"flip-card\" role=\"button\" tabindex=\"0\" data-front=\"carcinogen\" data-back=\"A substance known to increase the risk of developing cancer.\">\n            <div class=\"flip-card-inner\">\n              <div class=\"flip-card-front\">\n                <p><p>carcinogen<\/p>\n<\/p>\n                <div id=\"flashcard-instruction-block_b6eec42f15094685e446f042289a9a8d\" class=\"flashcard-instruction\">Click to Flip<\/div>\n              <\/div>\n              <div class=\"flip-card-back\"><p>A substance known to increase the risk of developing cancer.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n            <\/div>\n          <\/button>\n        <\/div>\n\n        \n        <!-- Swiper Slide -->\n        <div class=\"swiper-slide\">\n          <!-- Flashcard -->\n           <button class=\"flip-card\" role=\"button\" tabindex=\"0\" data-front=\"conventional pollutants\" data-back=\"Major water pollutants regulated by the U.S. Clean Water Act: biochemical oxygen demand, total suspended solids, fecal coliform bacteria, pH, and oil and grease.\">\n            <div class=\"flip-card-inner\">\n              <div class=\"flip-card-front\">\n                <p><p>conventional pollutants  <\/p>\n<\/p>\n                <div id=\"flashcard-instruction-block_b6eec42f15094685e446f042289a9a8d\" class=\"flashcard-instruction\">Click to Flip<\/div>\n              <\/div>\n              <div class=\"flip-card-back\"><p>Major water pollutants regulated by the U.S. Clean Water Act: biochemical oxygen demand, total suspended solids, fecal coliform bacteria, pH, and oil and grease.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n            <\/div>\n          <\/button>\n        <\/div>\n\n        \n        <!-- Swiper Slide -->\n        <div class=\"swiper-slide\">\n          <!-- Flashcard -->\n           <button class=\"flip-card\" role=\"button\" tabindex=\"0\" data-front=\"criteria pollutants\" data-back=\"Major air pollutants regulated by the U.S. Clean Air Act: particulates, carbon monoxide, sulfur oxides, nitrogen oxides, lead, and ground-level ozone.\">\n            <div class=\"flip-card-inner\">\n              <div class=\"flip-card-front\">\n                <p><p>criteria pollutants<\/p>\n<\/p>\n                <div id=\"flashcard-instruction-block_b6eec42f15094685e446f042289a9a8d\" class=\"flashcard-instruction\">Click to Flip<\/div>\n              <\/div>\n              <div class=\"flip-card-back\"><p>Major air pollutants regulated by the U.S. Clean Air Act: particulates, carbon monoxide, sulfur oxides, nitrogen oxides, lead, and ground-level ozone.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n            <\/div>\n          <\/button>\n        <\/div>\n\n        \n        <!-- Swiper Slide -->\n        <div class=\"swiper-slide\">\n          <!-- Flashcard -->\n           <button class=\"flip-card\" role=\"button\" tabindex=\"0\" data-front=\"endocrine disruptor\" data-back=\"A pollutant that interferes with normal hormone functions.\">\n            <div class=\"flip-card-inner\">\n              <div class=\"flip-card-front\">\n                <p><p>endocrine disruptor<\/p>\n<\/p>\n                <div id=\"flashcard-instruction-block_b6eec42f15094685e446f042289a9a8d\" class=\"flashcard-instruction\">Click to Flip<\/div>\n              <\/div>\n              <div class=\"flip-card-back\"><p>A pollutant that interferes with normal hormone functions.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n            <\/div>\n          <\/button>\n        <\/div>\n\n        \n        <!-- Swiper Slide -->\n        <div class=\"swiper-slide\">\n          <!-- Flashcard -->\n           <button class=\"flip-card\" role=\"button\" tabindex=\"0\" data-front=\"eutrophication\" data-back=\"Accelerated plant growth and decay in aquatic environments caused by nitrogen and phosphorus pollution and resulting in oxygen depletion.\">\n            <div class=\"flip-card-inner\">\n              <div class=\"flip-card-front\">\n                <p><p>eutrophication<\/p>\n<\/p>\n                <div id=\"flashcard-instruction-block_b6eec42f15094685e446f042289a9a8d\" class=\"flashcard-instruction\">Click to Flip<\/div>\n              <\/div>\n              <div class=\"flip-card-back\"><p>Accelerated plant growth and decay in aquatic environments caused by nitrogen and phosphorus pollution and resulting in oxygen depletion.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n            <\/div>\n          <\/button>\n        <\/div>\n\n        \n        <!-- Swiper Slide -->\n        <div class=\"swiper-slide\">\n          <!-- Flashcard -->\n           <button class=\"flip-card\" role=\"button\" tabindex=\"0\" data-front=\"fate\" data-back=\"The description of how a pollutant changes over time.\">\n            <div class=\"flip-card-inner\">\n              <div class=\"flip-card-front\">\n                <p><p>fate<\/p>\n<\/p>\n                <div id=\"flashcard-instruction-block_b6eec42f15094685e446f042289a9a8d\" class=\"flashcard-instruction\">Click to Flip<\/div>\n              <\/div>\n              <div class=\"flip-card-back\"><p>The description of how a pollutant changes over time.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n            <\/div>\n          <\/button>\n        <\/div>\n\n        \n        <!-- Swiper Slide -->\n        <div class=\"swiper-slide\">\n          <!-- Flashcard -->\n           <button class=\"flip-card\" role=\"button\" tabindex=\"0\" data-front=\"fecal coliform bacteria\" data-back=\"A group of bacteria found in the feces of humans and other animals which are used as indicators of disease-causing bacteria.\">\n            <div class=\"flip-card-inner\">\n              <div class=\"flip-card-front\">\n                <p><p>fecal coliform bacteria<\/p>\n<\/p>\n                <div id=\"flashcard-instruction-block_b6eec42f15094685e446f042289a9a8d\" class=\"flashcard-instruction\">Click to Flip<\/div>\n              <\/div>\n              <div class=\"flip-card-back\"><p>A group of bacteria found in the feces of humans and other animals which are used as indicators of disease-causing bacteria.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n            <\/div>\n          <\/button>\n        <\/div>\n\n        \n        <!-- Swiper Slide -->\n        <div class=\"swiper-slide\">\n          <!-- Flashcard -->\n           <button class=\"flip-card\" role=\"button\" tabindex=\"0\" data-front=\"greenfield\" data-back=\"Open space that has never been built upon.\">\n            <div class=\"flip-card-inner\">\n              <div class=\"flip-card-front\">\n                <p><p>greenfield <\/p>\n<\/p>\n                <div id=\"flashcard-instruction-block_b6eec42f15094685e446f042289a9a8d\" class=\"flashcard-instruction\">Click to Flip<\/div>\n              <\/div>\n              <div class=\"flip-card-back\"><p>Open space that has never been built upon.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n            <\/div>\n          <\/button>\n        <\/div>\n\n        \n        <!-- Swiper Slide -->\n        <div class=\"swiper-slide\">\n          <!-- Flashcard -->\n           <button class=\"flip-card\" role=\"button\" tabindex=\"0\" data-front=\"hazardous air pollutants (HAPs)\" data-back=\"A list of chemicals identified by the EPA which are considered particularly dangerous.\">\n            <div class=\"flip-card-inner\">\n              <div class=\"flip-card-front\">\n                <p><p>hazardous air pollutants (HAPs)<\/p>\n<\/p>\n                <div id=\"flashcard-instruction-block_b6eec42f15094685e446f042289a9a8d\" class=\"flashcard-instruction\">Click to Flip<\/div>\n              <\/div>\n              <div class=\"flip-card-back\"><p>A list of chemicals identified by the EPA which are considered particularly dangerous.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n            <\/div>\n          <\/button>\n        <\/div>\n\n        \n        <!-- Swiper Slide -->\n        <div class=\"swiper-slide\">\n          <!-- Flashcard -->\n           <button class=\"flip-card\" role=\"button\" tabindex=\"0\" data-front=\"hyperaccumulator\" data-back=\"A plant which can accumulate larger amounts of micronutrients than most other plants.\">\n            <div class=\"flip-card-inner\">\n              <div class=\"flip-card-front\">\n                <p><p>hyperaccumulator  <\/p>\n<\/p>\n                <div id=\"flashcard-instruction-block_b6eec42f15094685e446f042289a9a8d\" class=\"flashcard-instruction\">Click to Flip<\/div>\n              <\/div>\n              <div class=\"flip-card-back\"><p>A plant which can accumulate larger amounts of micronutrients than most other plants.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n            <\/div>\n          <\/button>\n        <\/div>\n\n        \n        <!-- Swiper Slide -->\n        <div class=\"swiper-slide\">\n          <!-- Flashcard -->\n           <button class=\"flip-card\" role=\"button\" tabindex=\"0\" data-front=\"microplastic\" data-back=\"Particles of synthetic plastic which are smaller than a few millimeters.\">\n            <div class=\"flip-card-inner\">\n              <div class=\"flip-card-front\">\n                <p><p>microplastic<\/p>\n<\/p>\n                <div id=\"flashcard-instruction-block_b6eec42f15094685e446f042289a9a8d\" class=\"flashcard-instruction\">Click to Flip<\/div>\n              <\/div>\n              <div class=\"flip-card-back\"><p>Particles of synthetic plastic which are smaller than a few millimeters.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n            <\/div>\n          <\/button>\n        <\/div>\n\n        \n        <!-- Swiper Slide -->\n        <div class=\"swiper-slide\">\n          <!-- Flashcard -->\n           <button class=\"flip-card\" role=\"button\" tabindex=\"0\" data-front=\"mutagen\" data-back=\"A substance which damages genetic material, or DNA, in cells.\">\n            <div class=\"flip-card-inner\">\n              <div class=\"flip-card-front\">\n                <p><p>mutagen<\/p>\n<\/p>\n                <div id=\"flashcard-instruction-block_b6eec42f15094685e446f042289a9a8d\" class=\"flashcard-instruction\">Click to Flip<\/div>\n              <\/div>\n              <div class=\"flip-card-back\"><p>A substance which damages genetic material, or DNA, in cells.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n            <\/div>\n          <\/button>\n        <\/div>\n\n        \n        <!-- Swiper Slide -->\n        <div class=\"swiper-slide\">\n          <!-- Flashcard -->\n           <button class=\"flip-card\" role=\"button\" tabindex=\"0\" data-front=\"mycoremediation\" data-back=\"The use of fungi to break down contaminants.\">\n            <div class=\"flip-card-inner\">\n              <div class=\"flip-card-front\">\n                <p><p>mycoremediation<\/p>\n<\/p>\n                <div id=\"flashcard-instruction-block_b6eec42f15094685e446f042289a9a8d\" class=\"flashcard-instruction\">Click to Flip<\/div>\n              <\/div>\n              <div class=\"flip-card-back\"><p>The use of fungi to break down contaminants.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n            <\/div>\n          <\/button>\n        <\/div>\n\n        \n        <!-- Swiper Slide -->\n        <div class=\"swiper-slide\">\n          <!-- Flashcard -->\n           <button class=\"flip-card\" role=\"button\" tabindex=\"0\" data-front=\"nanoplastic\" data-back=\"Particles of synthetic plastic which are smaller than a few micrometers.\">\n            <div class=\"flip-card-inner\">\n              <div class=\"flip-card-front\">\n                <p><p>nanoplastic<\/p>\n<\/p>\n                <div id=\"flashcard-instruction-block_b6eec42f15094685e446f042289a9a8d\" class=\"flashcard-instruction\">Click to Flip<\/div>\n              <\/div>\n              <div class=\"flip-card-back\"><p>Particles of synthetic plastic which are smaller than a few micrometers.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n            <\/div>\n          <\/button>\n        <\/div>\n\n        \n        <!-- Swiper Slide -->\n        <div class=\"swiper-slide\">\n          <!-- Flashcard -->\n           <button class=\"flip-card\" role=\"button\" tabindex=\"0\" data-front=\"neurotoxin\" data-back=\"A toxin that damages the nervous system.\">\n            <div class=\"flip-card-inner\">\n              <div class=\"flip-card-front\">\n                <p><p>neurotoxin  <\/p>\n<\/p>\n                <div id=\"flashcard-instruction-block_b6eec42f15094685e446f042289a9a8d\" class=\"flashcard-instruction\">Click to Flip<\/div>\n              <\/div>\n              <div class=\"flip-card-back\"><p>A toxin that damages the nervous system.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n            <\/div>\n          <\/button>\n        <\/div>\n\n        \n        <!-- Swiper Slide -->\n        <div class=\"swiper-slide\">\n          <!-- Flashcard -->\n           <button class=\"flip-card\" role=\"button\" tabindex=\"0\" data-front=\"nonpoint source\" data-back=\"A diffuse source of pollutants that cannot be tied to a specific point of origin.\">\n            <div class=\"flip-card-inner\">\n              <div class=\"flip-card-front\">\n                <p><p>nonpoint source<\/p>\n<\/p>\n                <div id=\"flashcard-instruction-block_b6eec42f15094685e446f042289a9a8d\" class=\"flashcard-instruction\">Click to Flip<\/div>\n              <\/div>\n              <div class=\"flip-card-back\"><p>A diffuse source of pollutants that cannot be tied to a specific point of origin.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n            <\/div>\n          <\/button>\n        <\/div>\n\n        \n        <!-- Swiper Slide -->\n        <div class=\"swiper-slide\">\n          <!-- Flashcard -->\n           <button class=\"flip-card\" role=\"button\" tabindex=\"0\" data-front=\"off-gassing\" data-back=\"The emission of volatile organic compounds from synthetic and natural products.\">\n            <div class=\"flip-card-inner\">\n              <div class=\"flip-card-front\">\n                <p><p>off-gassing<\/p>\n<\/p>\n                <div id=\"flashcard-instruction-block_b6eec42f15094685e446f042289a9a8d\" class=\"flashcard-instruction\">Click to Flip<\/div>\n              <\/div>\n              <div class=\"flip-card-back\"><p>The emission of volatile organic compounds from synthetic and natural products.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n            <\/div>\n          <\/button>\n        <\/div>\n\n        \n        <!-- Swiper Slide -->\n        <div class=\"swiper-slide\">\n          <!-- Flashcard -->\n           <button class=\"flip-card\" role=\"button\" tabindex=\"0\" data-front=\"particulate material\" data-back=\"Matter in the form of fine solid particles or liquid droplets small enough to be suspended in air or water.\">\n            <div class=\"flip-card-inner\">\n              <div class=\"flip-card-front\">\n                <p><p>particulate material<\/p>\n<\/p>\n                <div id=\"flashcard-instruction-block_b6eec42f15094685e446f042289a9a8d\" class=\"flashcard-instruction\">Click to Flip<\/div>\n              <\/div>\n              <div class=\"flip-card-back\"><p>Matter in the form of fine solid particles or liquid droplets small enough to be suspended in air or water.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n            <\/div>\n          <\/button>\n        <\/div>\n\n        \n        <!-- Swiper Slide -->\n        <div class=\"swiper-slide\">\n          <!-- Flashcard -->\n           <button class=\"flip-card\" role=\"button\" tabindex=\"0\" data-front=\"persistence\" data-back=\"The property of a substance which lasts a long time without changing.\">\n            <div class=\"flip-card-inner\">\n              <div class=\"flip-card-front\">\n                <p><p>persistence<\/p>\n<\/p>\n                <div id=\"flashcard-instruction-block_b6eec42f15094685e446f042289a9a8d\" class=\"flashcard-instruction\">Click to Flip<\/div>\n              <\/div>\n              <div class=\"flip-card-back\"><p>The property of a substance which lasts a long time without changing.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n            <\/div>\n          <\/button>\n        <\/div>\n\n        \n        <!-- Swiper Slide -->\n        <div class=\"swiper-slide\">\n          <!-- Flashcard -->\n           <button class=\"flip-card\" role=\"button\" tabindex=\"0\" data-front=\"persistent organic pollutant\" data-back=\"A class of organic chemicals that remain unchanged for long periods of time, accumulate in the food chain, and are toxic to humans and other animals.\">\n            <div class=\"flip-card-inner\">\n              <div class=\"flip-card-front\">\n                <p><p>persistent organic pollutant <\/p>\n<\/p>\n                <div id=\"flashcard-instruction-block_b6eec42f15094685e446f042289a9a8d\" class=\"flashcard-instruction\">Click to Flip<\/div>\n              <\/div>\n              <div class=\"flip-card-back\"><p>A class of organic chemicals that remain unchanged for long periods of time, accumulate in the food chain, and are toxic to humans and other animals.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n            <\/div>\n          <\/button>\n        <\/div>\n\n        \n        <!-- Swiper Slide -->\n        <div class=\"swiper-slide\">\n          <!-- Flashcard -->\n           <button class=\"flip-card\" role=\"button\" tabindex=\"0\" data-front=\"pesticide\" data-back=\"A synthetic substance designed to kill unwanted organisms; categories of pesticides include insecticides, rodenticides, herbicides, and fungicides.\">\n            <div class=\"flip-card-inner\">\n              <div class=\"flip-card-front\">\n                <p><p>pesticide<\/p>\n<\/p>\n                <div id=\"flashcard-instruction-block_b6eec42f15094685e446f042289a9a8d\" class=\"flashcard-instruction\">Click to Flip<\/div>\n              <\/div>\n              <div class=\"flip-card-back\"><p>A synthetic substance designed to kill unwanted organisms; categories of pesticides include insecticides, rodenticides, herbicides, and fungicides.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n            <\/div>\n          <\/button>\n        <\/div>\n\n        \n        <!-- Swiper Slide -->\n        <div class=\"swiper-slide\">\n          <!-- Flashcard -->\n           <button class=\"flip-card\" role=\"button\" tabindex=\"0\" data-front=\"pH\" data-back=\"A scale which indicates the degree of acidity or alkalinity, based on a measure of the concentration of hydrogen ions in water.\">\n            <div class=\"flip-card-inner\">\n              <div class=\"flip-card-front\">\n                <p><p>pH<\/p>\n<\/p>\n                <div id=\"flashcard-instruction-block_b6eec42f15094685e446f042289a9a8d\" class=\"flashcard-instruction\">Click to Flip<\/div>\n              <\/div>\n              <div class=\"flip-card-back\"><p>A scale which indicates the degree of acidity or alkalinity, based on a measure of the concentration of hydrogen ions in water.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n            <\/div>\n          <\/button>\n        <\/div>\n\n        \n        <!-- Swiper Slide -->\n        <div class=\"swiper-slide\">\n          <!-- Flashcard -->\n           <button class=\"flip-card\" role=\"button\" tabindex=\"0\" data-front=\"phytoremediation\" data-back=\"The use of plants to treat pollutants.\">\n            <div class=\"flip-card-inner\">\n              <div class=\"flip-card-front\">\n                <p><p>phytoremediation <\/p>\n<\/p>\n                <div id=\"flashcard-instruction-block_b6eec42f15094685e446f042289a9a8d\" class=\"flashcard-instruction\">Click to Flip<\/div>\n              <\/div>\n              <div class=\"flip-card-back\"><p>The use of plants to treat pollutants.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n            <\/div>\n          <\/button>\n        <\/div>\n\n        \n        <!-- Swiper Slide -->\n        <div class=\"swiper-slide\">\n          <!-- Flashcard -->\n           <button class=\"flip-card\" role=\"button\" tabindex=\"0\" data-front=\"point source\" data-back=\"A source of pollution that comes from a single, identifiable source.\">\n            <div class=\"flip-card-inner\">\n              <div class=\"flip-card-front\">\n                <p><p>point source<\/p>\n<\/p>\n                <div id=\"flashcard-instruction-block_b6eec42f15094685e446f042289a9a8d\" class=\"flashcard-instruction\">Click to Flip<\/div>\n              <\/div>\n              <div class=\"flip-card-back\"><p>A source of pollution that comes from a single, identifiable source.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n            <\/div>\n          <\/button>\n        <\/div>\n\n        \n        <!-- Swiper Slide -->\n        <div class=\"swiper-slide\">\n          <!-- Flashcard -->\n           <button class=\"flip-card\" role=\"button\" tabindex=\"0\" data-front=\"pollution\" data-back=\"The accumulation of substances with adverse effects on the health of living organisms.\">\n            <div class=\"flip-card-inner\">\n              <div class=\"flip-card-front\">\n                <p><p>pollution<\/p>\n<\/p>\n                <div id=\"flashcard-instruction-block_b6eec42f15094685e446f042289a9a8d\" class=\"flashcard-instruction\">Click to Flip<\/div>\n              <\/div>\n              <div class=\"flip-card-back\"><p>The accumulation of substances with adverse effects on the health of living organisms.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n            <\/div>\n          <\/button>\n        <\/div>\n\n        \n        <!-- Swiper Slide -->\n        <div class=\"swiper-slide\">\n          <!-- Flashcard -->\n           <button class=\"flip-card\" role=\"button\" tabindex=\"0\" data-front=\"ppb\" data-back=\"Parts per billion; the number of parts of a chemical found in one billion parts of a particular gas, liquid, or solid mixture.\">\n            <div class=\"flip-card-inner\">\n              <div class=\"flip-card-front\">\n                <p><p>ppb<\/p>\n<\/p>\n                <div id=\"flashcard-instruction-block_b6eec42f15094685e446f042289a9a8d\" class=\"flashcard-instruction\">Click to Flip<\/div>\n              <\/div>\n              <div class=\"flip-card-back\"><p>Parts per billion; the number of parts of a chemical found in one billion parts of a particular gas, liquid, or solid mixture.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n            <\/div>\n          <\/button>\n        <\/div>\n\n        \n        <!-- Swiper Slide -->\n        <div class=\"swiper-slide\">\n          <!-- Flashcard -->\n           <button class=\"flip-card\" role=\"button\" tabindex=\"0\" data-front=\"ppm\" data-back=\"Parts per million; the number of parts of a chemical found in one million parts of a particular gas, liquid, or solid mixture.\">\n            <div class=\"flip-card-inner\">\n              <div class=\"flip-card-front\">\n                <p><p>ppm<\/p>\n<\/p>\n                <div id=\"flashcard-instruction-block_b6eec42f15094685e446f042289a9a8d\" class=\"flashcard-instruction\">Click to Flip<\/div>\n              <\/div>\n              <div class=\"flip-card-back\"><p>Parts per million; the number of parts of a chemical found in one million parts of a particular gas, liquid, or solid mixture.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n            <\/div>\n          <\/button>\n        <\/div>\n\n        \n        <!-- Swiper Slide -->\n        <div class=\"swiper-slide\">\n          <!-- Flashcard -->\n           <button class=\"flip-card\" role=\"button\" tabindex=\"0\" data-front=\"radioactivity\" data-back=\"The emission of atomic particles as atomic nuclei decay.\">\n            <div class=\"flip-card-inner\">\n              <div class=\"flip-card-front\">\n                <p><p>radioactivity  <\/p>\n<\/p>\n                <div id=\"flashcard-instruction-block_b6eec42f15094685e446f042289a9a8d\" class=\"flashcard-instruction\">Click to Flip<\/div>\n              <\/div>\n              <div class=\"flip-card-back\"><p>The emission of atomic particles as atomic nuclei decay.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n            <\/div>\n          <\/button>\n        <\/div>\n\n        \n        <!-- Swiper Slide -->\n        <div class=\"swiper-slide\">\n          <!-- Flashcard -->\n           <button class=\"flip-card\" role=\"button\" tabindex=\"0\" data-front=\"remediation\" data-back=\"The process of cleaning up a polluted site using physical, chemical or biological means.\">\n            <div class=\"flip-card-inner\">\n              <div class=\"flip-card-front\">\n                <p><p>remediation<\/p>\n<\/p>\n                <div id=\"flashcard-instruction-block_b6eec42f15094685e446f042289a9a8d\" class=\"flashcard-instruction\">Click to Flip<\/div>\n              <\/div>\n              <div class=\"flip-card-back\"><p>The process of cleaning up a polluted site using physical, chemical or biological means.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n            <\/div>\n          <\/button>\n        <\/div>\n\n        \n        <!-- Swiper Slide -->\n        <div class=\"swiper-slide\">\n          <!-- Flashcard -->\n           <button class=\"flip-card\" role=\"button\" tabindex=\"0\" data-front=\"smog\" data-back=\"Air pollution formed by the interaction of pollutants and sunlight.\">\n            <div class=\"flip-card-inner\">\n              <div class=\"flip-card-front\">\n                <p><p>smog<\/p>\n<\/p>\n                <div id=\"flashcard-instruction-block_b6eec42f15094685e446f042289a9a8d\" class=\"flashcard-instruction\">Click to Flip<\/div>\n              <\/div>\n              <div class=\"flip-card-back\"><p>Air pollution formed by the interaction of pollutants and sunlight.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n            <\/div>\n          <\/button>\n        <\/div>\n\n        \n        <!-- Swiper Slide -->\n        <div class=\"swiper-slide\">\n          <!-- Flashcard -->\n           <button class=\"flip-card\" role=\"button\" tabindex=\"0\" data-front=\"teratogen\" data-back=\"A substance which causes abnormalities in developing embryos.\">\n            <div class=\"flip-card-inner\">\n              <div class=\"flip-card-front\">\n                <p><p>teratogen<\/p>\n<\/p>\n                <div id=\"flashcard-instruction-block_b6eec42f15094685e446f042289a9a8d\" class=\"flashcard-instruction\">Click to Flip<\/div>\n              <\/div>\n              <div class=\"flip-card-back\"><p>A substance which causes abnormalities in developing embryos.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n            <\/div>\n          <\/button>\n        <\/div>\n\n        \n        <!-- Swiper Slide -->\n        <div class=\"swiper-slide\">\n          <!-- Flashcard -->\n           <button class=\"flip-card\" role=\"button\" tabindex=\"0\" data-front=\"thermal pollution\" data-back=\"An unhealthy change in water temperature.\">\n            <div class=\"flip-card-inner\">\n              <div class=\"flip-card-front\">\n                <p><p>thermal pollution <\/p>\n<\/p>\n                <div id=\"flashcard-instruction-block_b6eec42f15094685e446f042289a9a8d\" class=\"flashcard-instruction\">Click to Flip<\/div>\n              <\/div>\n              <div class=\"flip-card-back\"><p>An unhealthy change in water temperature.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n            <\/div>\n          <\/button>\n        <\/div>\n\n        \n        <!-- Swiper Slide -->\n        <div class=\"swiper-slide\">\n          <!-- Flashcard -->\n           <button class=\"flip-card\" role=\"button\" tabindex=\"0\" data-front=\"total suspended solids\" data-back=\"Fine particles suspended in water, too small to be removed by settling.\">\n            <div class=\"flip-card-inner\">\n              <div class=\"flip-card-front\">\n                <p><p>total suspended solids<\/p>\n<\/p>\n                <div id=\"flashcard-instruction-block_b6eec42f15094685e446f042289a9a8d\" class=\"flashcard-instruction\">Click to Flip<\/div>\n              <\/div>\n              <div class=\"flip-card-back\"><p>Fine particles suspended in water, too small to be removed by settling.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n            <\/div>\n          <\/button>\n        <\/div>\n\n        \n        <!-- Swiper Slide -->\n        <div class=\"swiper-slide\">\n          <!-- Flashcard -->\n           <button class=\"flip-card\" role=\"button\" tabindex=\"0\" data-front=\"toxicant\" data-back=\"A substance that is harmful to living organisms.\">\n            <div class=\"flip-card-inner\">\n              <div class=\"flip-card-front\">\n                <p><p>toxicant<\/p>\n<\/p>\n                <div id=\"flashcard-instruction-block_b6eec42f15094685e446f042289a9a8d\" class=\"flashcard-instruction\">Click to Flip<\/div>\n              <\/div>\n              <div class=\"flip-card-back\"><p>A substance that is harmful to living organisms. <\/p>\n<\/div>\n            <\/div>\n          <\/button>\n        <\/div>\n\n        \n        <!-- Swiper Slide -->\n        <div class=\"swiper-slide\">\n          <!-- Flashcard -->\n           <button class=\"flip-card\" role=\"button\" tabindex=\"0\" data-front=\"toxin\" data-back=\"A toxicant produced by a living organism.\">\n            <div class=\"flip-card-inner\">\n              <div class=\"flip-card-front\">\n                <p><p>toxin<\/p>\n<\/p>\n                <div id=\"flashcard-instruction-block_b6eec42f15094685e446f042289a9a8d\" class=\"flashcard-instruction\">Click to Flip<\/div>\n              <\/div>\n              <div class=\"flip-card-back\"><p>A toxicant produced by a living organism.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n            <\/div>\n          <\/button>\n        <\/div>\n\n        \n        <!-- Swiper Slide -->\n        <div class=\"swiper-slide\">\n          <!-- Flashcard -->\n           <button class=\"flip-card\" role=\"button\" tabindex=\"0\" data-front=\"transport\" data-back=\"The ways in which a pollutant moves through the environment.\">\n            <div class=\"flip-card-inner\">\n              <div class=\"flip-card-front\">\n                <p><p>transport<\/p>\n<\/p>\n                <div id=\"flashcard-instruction-block_b6eec42f15094685e446f042289a9a8d\" class=\"flashcard-instruction\">Click to Flip<\/div>\n              <\/div>\n              <div class=\"flip-card-back\"><p>The ways in which a pollutant moves through the environment. <\/p>\n<\/div>\n            <\/div>\n          <\/button>\n        <\/div>\n\n        \n        <!-- Swiper Slide -->\n        <div class=\"swiper-slide\">\n          <!-- Flashcard -->\n           <button class=\"flip-card\" role=\"button\" tabindex=\"0\" data-front=\"turbidity\" data-back=\"A measure of water clarity resulting from suspended particles which block light.\">\n            <div class=\"flip-card-inner\">\n              <div class=\"flip-card-front\">\n                <p><p>turbidity<\/p>\n<\/p>\n                <div id=\"flashcard-instruction-block_b6eec42f15094685e446f042289a9a8d\" class=\"flashcard-instruction\">Click to Flip<\/div>\n              <\/div>\n              <div class=\"flip-card-back\"><p>A measure of water clarity resulting from suspended particles which block light.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n            <\/div>\n          <\/button>\n        <\/div>\n\n        \n        <!-- Swiper Slide -->\n        <div class=\"swiper-slide\">\n          <!-- Flashcard -->\n           <button class=\"flip-card\" role=\"button\" tabindex=\"0\" data-front=\"volatile organic compounds (VOCs)\" data-back=\"Organic compounds that vaporize at room temperature.\">\n            <div class=\"flip-card-inner\">\n              <div class=\"flip-card-front\">\n                <p><p>volatile organic compounds (VOCs)<\/p>\n<\/p>\n                <div id=\"flashcard-instruction-block_b6eec42f15094685e446f042289a9a8d\" class=\"flashcard-instruction\">Click to Flip<\/div>\n              <\/div>\n              <div class=\"flip-card-back\"><p>Organic compounds that vaporize at room temperature.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n            <\/div>\n          <\/button>\n        <\/div>\n\n        \n        <div id=\"flashcard-instruction-block_b6eec42f15094685e446f042289a9a8d\" class=\"sr-only\">Press Enter or Space to flip the card<\/div>\n        <div id=\"flip-announcement-block_b6eec42f15094685e446f042289a9a8d\" class=\"sr-only\" role=\"status\" aria-live=\"polite\"><\/div>\n\n    <\/div>\n\n    <div class=\"swiper-nav\">\n      \n      <a class=\"swiper-button-prev swiper-button-prev-block_b6eec42f15094685e446f042289a9a8d\"><svg class=\"arrow-icon\" viewBox=\"0 0 42 42\" xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\"><polygon points=\"28.067,1 8,21.068 27.569,40.637 32.502,35.704 17.864,21.068 33,5.933\"\/><\/svg><\/a>\n      <div 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