This chapter considers many examples of the constructive nature of the seeing brain (i.e., not just passively receiving information), from the perception of visual attributes, such as color and motion, up to the recognition of objects and faces. Light is converted into neural signals by the retina, and there are several routes by which this information is carried to the brain with the dominant routes (in humans and primates) being the geniculo-striate route to primary visual cortex (V1). V1 is a spatially-organized hub from which various other cortical routes emerge: a ventral route for object recognition (interfacing with memory and language) and a dorsal route (interfacing with attention and action). Disorders of object recognition are referred to as visual agnosia, and these have been traditionally subdivided into apperceptive agnosia and associative agnosia, depending on whether the deficit occurs at stages involved in perceptual processing or stages involving stored visual memory representations. <\/p>\n\n\n\n